Lifeguards: a forgotten aspect of drowning prevention

Schwebel, David C.; Jones, Harry W.; Holder, Erika; Marciani, Francesca

doi:10.5249/jivr.v2i1.32

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Their main objective is reducing the third leading cause of unintended accidental death worldwide: drowning (World Health Organization, 2014). The rescue of drowning victims might put lifeguards' lives at risk (Ducharme & Lounsbury, 2007); therefore, rescuers are required to meet minimum physical fitness standards for the performance of their tasks (Reilly Iggleden, Gennser, & Tipton, 2006a;Schwebel, Jones, Holder, & Marciani, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a New Incremental Swim Test as a Tool for Maximum Oxygen Uptake Analysis in Lifeguards

Ruibal-Lista¹,

Palacios-Aguilar²,

Prieto³

et al. 2019

IJARE

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This study was designed to validate an incremental test predicting maximum oxygen uptake for lifeguards. A maximum incremental test was performed in the laboratory (i.e., treadmill run) and in the pool (i.e., swim) by 10 certified lifeguards. The values of maximum oxygen uptake (VO2Max), maximum heart rate (HRMax), and lactate (LaMax) achieved during both tests were analyzed. The VO2Max (0.87, p =.001), HRmax (0.85, p = .002) and LaMax (0.67, p <.05) values showed significant correlations between the laboratory tests and the pool tests. These results showed that the Incremental Pool Test for Lifeguards (IPTL) was valid (i.e., concurrent validity) for obtaining the maximum oxygen uptake of a rescuer. Using this swim test, lifeguards and their supervisors will be able to individualize their training in order to improve their performance in a water rescue and perhaps reduce the numbers of fatal drownings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a New Incremental Swim Test as a Tool for Maximum Oxygen Uptake Analysis in Lifeguards

Ruibal-Lista¹,

Palacios-Aguilar²,

Prieto³

et al. 2019

IJARE

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show abstract

“…To overcome some of these constraints, a number of suggestions for lifeguards have been formulated. Next to tips to stay vigilant, avoid blind spots, and cope with distractions (Brenner & Oostman, 2002;Fenner, Griffiths, Oostman, & Pia, 2006;Schwebel, Jones, Holder, & Marciani, 2010) some studies/reports also suggest a specific gaze strategy. According to some authors, a structured gaze strategy is elementary for lifeguards as it reduces the chance that areas are missed (Hunsucker & Davison, 2008;Schwebel, Lindsay, & Simpson, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gaze behaviour of experienced and novice beach lifeguards – An exploratory in situ study

Vansteenkiste

Lenoir

Bourgois

2020

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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SummaryFor lifeguards, recognizing a swimmer in trouble is a key factor in the rescue process. Although reports show that lifeguards outperform non‐lifeguards in their surveillance task, it is unclear to what extent this difference is reflected in gaze behaviour. In the current study, gaze behaviour of nine novice and seven experienced beach lifeguards was recorded for 45 min while they were on active duty. Results showed that fixation duration of experienced lifeguards was longer and more variable than that of novice lifeguards, and that these differences were more pronounced when looking at the task‐relevant region (i.e., swimming zone). Compared to experienced lifeguards, novices were found to be more distracted by the task‐irrelevant regions when there were more people swimming. These findings suggest that experienced lifeguards use a more flexible and task‐related gaze strategy, and that there might be differences in visual information processing between novice and experienced beach lifeguards.

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“…Está demostrado que la presencia de socorristas en los espacios acuáticos es una de las mejores formas de prevenir el ahogamiento y la muerte accidental en el agua (Harrell, 2001;Pelletier & Gilchrist, 2011;Schwebel, Heater, Holder, & Marciani, 2010). Es más, se ha podido constatar que las instalaciones acuáticas que no están vigiladas por socorristas sufren una mayor prevalencia de víctimas mortales en el agua, que aquellas que sí que lo están.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Evolución De La Competencia en El Agua De Los Socorristas Acuáticos

Arribas

Martínez-de-Haro²,

Molina

2020

RIMCAFD

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En el año 2006 entró en vigor la normativa que actualmente regula la formación de socorristas en la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (España). El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la influencia de la aplicación de esta normativa sobre el porcentaje de aspirantes que obtiene el diploma de socorrista acuático y sobre su nivel de competencia en el agua. Para ello, se han analizado las marcas de tiempo acreditadas por 6.105 aspirantes a socorrista (4.288 hombres y 1.817 mujeres) que se formaron entre los años 1993 y 2016. Los resultados demuestran que, desde la entrada en vigor de dicha normativa, se ha incrementado el porcentaje de aspirantes que obtiene el diploma de socorrista acuático, pero se ha disminuido su nivel de competencia en el agua. Se recomienda que las instituciones competentes establezcan objetivos y criterios de evaluación que promuevan la mejora del nivel de competencia en el agua de estos profesionales.

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Lifeguards: a forgotten aspect of drowning prevention

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Validation of a New Incremental Swim Test as a Tool for Maximum Oxygen Uptake Analysis in Lifeguards

Validation of a New Incremental Swim Test as a Tool for Maximum Oxygen Uptake Analysis in Lifeguards

Gaze behaviour of experienced and novice beach lifeguards – An exploratory in situ study

Evolución De La Competencia en El Agua De Los Socorristas Acuáticos

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