Lifespan and mortality of old oaks — combining empirical and modelling approaches to support their management in Southern Sweden

Drobyshev, Igor; Niklasson, Mats; Linderson, Hans; Sonesson, Kerstin; Karlsson, Matts; Nilsson, Sven G.; Lanner, Jan

doi:10.1051/forest:2008012

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Drobyshev et al species (Grime et al, 1988). For oak, the mortality rate obtained in our study (1.0% annually for condition class 1 and 2 trees) was identical to the average rate of 1% reported for mature oaks growing in a wide range of habitats across Europe (Drobyshev et al, 2008). For small-leaved linden, our estimate (0.8%) was close to the rate reported for this species in a Danish natural old-growth forest (0.5%, Wolf, 2004).…”

Section: Mortality Rate and Its Determinantssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…These results support the view that competitive interaction might be the dominant mortality factor for small trees in Oranienbaum Park. A review of oak mortality rates in Europe (Drobyshev et al, 2008) suggested that its mortality rate is generally correlated with stand density. Similar results were obtained for Norway spruce (Repola et al, 2006).…”

Section: Interaction Effects On Mortality Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tree mortality in a mixed deciduous forest in Northwestern Russia over 22 years

Drobyshev¹,

Dobrovolsky²,

Нешатаев³

2009

Ann. For. Sci.

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Abstract• We studied mortality rates of birch, small-leaved linden, pedunculate oak, Norway maple, black alder, common ash and Norway spruce, assessed through two inventories of 12 664 trees in the unmanaged mixed deciduous forests of Oranienbaum Park, northwestern Russia, in 1981 and2003. • Our objectives were to evaluate if (a) long-term mortality rates vary among species, and if (b) crown condition, age and tree size affect the probability of mortality.• Over this period, tree mortality rates in the park varied annually from 1 to 3% for healthy and moderately healthy trees, and from 3.9 to 9.3% for declining trees. The lowest mortality rates were observed for small-leaved linden and oak (0.8 and 1.0%, respectively), and the highest rate for birch (2.7%). We found (1) a significant and consistent association between tree condition and the probability of mortality, and (2) significantly higher mortality rates in smaller trees of ash, maple and oak.• The effect of species-specific biology on mortality rates in the Oranienbaum Park was largely overridden by the "health status" and environmental conditions of the trees (e.g. degree of crown shading). The observed rates were similar to the estimates from natural temperate deciduous forests in both Europe and North America, indicating similar intensity of mortality in these ecosystems under natural conditions. Mots-clés :feuillus européens / conservation / dépérissement des forêts / état du houppier / inventaire forestier Résumé -Mortalité des arbres dans une forêt feuillue mixte du nord-ouest de la Russie pendant 22 ans.• Nous avons étudié les taux de mortalité du bouleau, du tilleul à petites feuilles, du chêne pédon-culé, de l'érable plane, de l'aulne, du frêne commun, et de l'épicéa par le biais de deux inventaires concernant 12 664 arbres, en 1981 et 2003, dans les forêts mixtes non gérées de l'Oranienbaum Park, dans le nord-ouest de la Russie.• Nos objectifs étaient d'évaluer si (a) à long terme les taux de mortalité varient selon les espèces, et si (b) l'état du houppier, l'âge et la taille des arbres affectent la probabilité de mortalité.• Au cours de cette période, les taux de mortalité des arbres dans le parc ont varié annuellement de 1 à 3 % pour les arbres sains et modérément sains, et de 3,9 à 9,3 % pour les arbres dépérissants. Les taux de mortalité les plus bas ont été observés pour le tilleul à petites feuilles et le chêne (respectivement 0,8 et 1,0 %) et le taux le plus élevé pour le bouleau (2,7 %). Nous avons trouvé (1) une importante et constante association entre la condition de l'arbre et la probabilité de mortalité, et (2) les taux de mortalité significativement les plus élevés chez les plus petits arbres chez le frêne, l'érable et le chêne.• Les effets biologiques de l'espèce sur les taux de mortalité ont été en grande partie annulés par l'état de santé des arbres et les conditions environnementales (par exemple le degré d'ombrage de la couronne). Les taux observés étaient similaires aux estimations obtenues pour les forêts naturelles tempéré...

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Section: Mortality Rate and Its Determinantssupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Interaction Effects On Mortality Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree mortality in a mixed deciduous forest in Northwestern Russia over 22 years

Drobyshev¹,

Dobrovolsky²,

Нешатаев³

2009

Ann. For. Sci.

Self Cite

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“…The low annual mortality rate in beech may be related to its late successional status and the opposite holds for the pioneer birch. However, the high mortality rate of pedunculate oak, well above birch, is higher than expected for temperate forests (Drobyshev et al, 2008). Specially, since no catastrophic events occurred during the studied period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Pourquoi et où les arbres adultes meurent dans une jeune forêt tempérée? Le rôle du voisinage

Olano¹,

Laskurain

Escudero

et al. 2009

Ann. For. Sci.

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Abstract• The density and identity of tree neighbourhood is a key factor to explain tree mortality in forests, especially during the stem exclusion phase.• To understand this process, we built a logistic model for mortality in a spatially explicit context, including tree and neighbourhood predictors. Additionally, we used this model to build mortality risk frequency distributions. Finally, we tested this model against a random mortality model to predict the spatial pattern of the forest.• Annual mortality rate was high for pedunculate oak (Quercus robur, 6.99%), moderate for birch (Betula celtiberica, 2.19%) and Pyrenean oak (Q. pyrenaica, 1.58%) and low for beech (Fagus sylvatica, 0.26%). Mortality risk models for pedunculate oak and birch included stem diameter, tree height, canopy position and neighbourhood. Mortality was affected by the specific nature of the neighbourhood showing a clear competitive hierarchy: beech > pedunculate oak > birch. Models based on random mortality and logistic regression model were able to predict the spatial pattern of survivors although logistic regression predictions were more accurate.• Our study highlights how simple models such as the random mortality one may obscure much more complex spatial interactions. Mots-clés :Ripley's K non homogènes / modèle logistique / forêt tempérée mixte / succession / mortalité des arbres Résumé -Pourquoi et où les arbres adultes meurent dans une jeune forêt tempérée ? Le rôle du voisinage.• La densité et l'identité des arbres du voisinage sont un facteur clé pour expliquer la mortalité d'arbres dans les peuplements forestiers, surtout pendant la phase d'exclusion du tronc.• Pour comprendre ce processus, nous avons construit un modèle logistique pour la mortalité dans un contexte spatialement explicite, en incluant l'arbre et des prédicteurs de voisinage. De plus, nous avons utilisé ce modèle pour construire des distributions de fréquence de risque de mortalité. Finalement, nous avons évalué ce modèle par rapport à un modèle de mortalité aléatoire pour prédire la structure spatiale de la forêt.• Le taux de mortalité annuelle était élevé pour le chêne pédonculé (Quercus robur, 6.99 %), modéré pour le bouleau (Betula celtiberica, 2.19 %) et le chêne tauzin (Q. pyrenaica, 1.58 %) et faible pour le hêtre (Fagus sylvatica, 0,26 %). Les modèles de risque de mortalité pour le chêne pédonculé et le bouleau intégraient le diamètre du tronc, la hauteur de l'arbre, la position du houppier et le voisinage. La mortalité a été affectée par la nature spécifique du voisinage montrant une hiérarchie claire dans l'aptitude compétitive : hêtre > chêne pédonculé > bouleau. Les modèles basés sur une mortalité aléatoire et le modèle logistique ont été capables de prédire la répartition spatiale des survivants bien que les prédictions du modèle logistique étaient plus précises.• Notre étude montre comment des modèles simples basés sur une mortalité aléatoire peuvent obscurcir des interactions spatiales beaucoup plus complexes.

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“…In the upper Elbe valley, Lorenz (2013) described a decrease of suitable trees of approximately 3% to 5% per year. This decline is higher than the annual mortality rates given by Drobyshev et al (2008) of about 1% for oak populations located outside dense forests. At a rate of 3%, it would take only 10 to 15 years to lose a quantity of TOW comparable to that which was observed between 1973 and 2009.…”

Section: Conclusion and Implication For The Conservation Of O Eremitamentioning

confidence: 62%

Spatial analysis of the habitat and distribution of Osmoderma eremita (Scop.) in trees outside of woodlands

Dodelin¹,

Gaudet²,

Fantino³

2017

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The endangered and specialised saproxylic beetle Osmoderma eremita occurs in veteran trees, a habitat particularly threatened by changes in agricultural landscapes. Its conservation requires information about populations and key features of host trees. Surveys of 8,014 trees (pollarded or in hedgerows) were carried out and analysed, based on habitat description (tree level) and spatial information (hedgerow length and distance to the nearest inhabited tree). A suitable cavity was present in 61% of the trees and O. eremita was detected in 42 trees, mainly in Salix (30 observations), the most common tree amongst those surveyed. A small or absent crown was a significant factor in explaining the beetle's presence, as was the distance to the nearest inhabited tree. The largest population of O. eremita, 19 inhabited trees, was found in a wide and continuous area formed by trees with suitable cavities, with distances of less than 250m from each another. Seven smaller areas, with 7, 5 or 1 inhabited trees, were also found. When analysing inhabited trees on a 1km² grid, 17km 2 hosted O. eremita, corresponding to a dense network of 63km of hedges. The presence of O. eremita significantly increased per km² with increasing length of hedges and this variable was thus used to guide forthcoming investigations directed toward Osmoderma. As the hedgerows existing in 1999 had decreased by 6.1% in 2009, it is concluded that the long term survival of O. eremita is under threat. The preservation of trees outside woodlands is urgent and has already started, in connection with Natura 2000 policies. Regeneration and creation of new hedgerows is also ongoing and can be reinforced both by using Salix and by promoting pruning to increase formation of cavities. RESEARCH ARTICLE Launched to accelerate biodiversity conservation A peer-reviewed open-access journalBenoît Dodelin et al.

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Lifespan and mortality of old oaks — combining empirical and modelling approaches to support their management in Southern Sweden

Cited by 29 publications

References 28 publications

Tree mortality in a mixed deciduous forest in Northwestern Russia over 22 years

Tree mortality in a mixed deciduous forest in Northwestern Russia over 22 years

Pourquoi et où les arbres adultes meurent dans une jeune forêt tempérée? Le rôle du voisinage

Spatial analysis of the habitat and distribution of Osmoderma eremita (Scop.) in trees outside of woodlands

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