Lifespan and ROS levels in different Drosophila melanogaster strains after 24 h hypoxia exposure

Abstract

During recent decades, model organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster have made it possible to study the effects of different environmental oxygen conditions on lifespan and oxidative stress. However, many studies have often yielded controversial results usually assigned to variations in Drosophila genetic background and differences in study design. In this study, we compared longevity and ROS levels in young, unmated males of three laboratory wild-type lines (Canton-S, Oregon-R and Berlin-K) and one mutant line (Sod1n1) as a positive control of redox imbalance, under both normoxic and hypoxic (2% oxygen - 24h) conditions. Lifespan was used to detect the effects of hypoxic treatment and differences were analysed by means of Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank test. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to measure ROS levels and analysis of variance was used to estimate the effects of hypoxic treatment and to assess ROS differences between strains. We observed that the genetic background is a relevant factor involved in Drosophila m. longevity and ROS levels. Indeed, as expected, in normoxia Sod1n1 are the shortest-lived, while the wild-type strains, despite a longer lifespan, show some differences, with the Canton-S line displaying the lowest mortality rate. After hypoxic stress these variances are amplified, with Berlin-K flies showing the highest mortality rate and most evident reduction of lifespan. Moreover, our analysis highlighted differential effects of hypoxia on redox balance/unbalance. Canton-S flies had the lowest increase of ROS level compared to all the other strains, confirming it to be the less sensitive to hypoxic stress. Sod1n1 flies displayed the highest ROS levels in normoxia and after hypoxia. These results should be used to further standardize future Drosophila research models designed to investigate genes and pathways that may be involved in lifespan and/or ROS, as well as comparative studies on specific mutant strains.

Physical exercise ameliorates age‐related deterioration of skeletal muscle and mortality by activating Pten‐related pathways in Drosophila on a high‐salt diet

“…Overexpression or knockdown of Sirt1 and PGC‐1α gene delayed or promoted cardiac aging and muscle aging by reducing or increasing age‐related oxidative stress and contractility debility 28,35–38 . Excessive oxidative stress impaired the function of skeletal muscle and heart, and it promoted age‐related deterioration of skeletal muscle and heart and reduced the lifespan of Drosophila 39–41 . Therefore, combined with existing evidence, muscle Pten gene may delay skeletal muscle aging by promoting Sirt1/PGC‐1α pathway activity and reducing oxidative damage.…”

“…28,[35][36][37][38] Excessive oxidative stress impaired the function of skeletal muscle and heart, and it promoted age-related deterioration of skeletal muscle and heart and reduced the lifespan of Drosophila. [39][40][41] Therefore, combined with existing evidence, muscle Pten gene may delay skeletal muscle aging by promoting Sirt1/ PGC-1α pathway activity and reducing oxidative damage.…”

Angelica keiskei Impacts the Lifespan and Healthspan of Drosophila melanogaster in a Sex and Strain-Dependent Manner

“…Lifespan assays were performed as previously described [ 50 ]. Forty vials per group ( A. keiskei supplemented or control), with 6 males and 6 females per vial, were set up with both w 1118 and JIV fly strains.…”

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Profile in a Preclinical Kidney Transplantation Model According to Different Preservation Modalities

“…A small amount of tissue (0.0031 ± 0.0016 g, n = 14) was excised from each kidney of both groups at T0, T1, and T2 for EPR experiments. For ROS detection in kidney tissue, methods were previously described [ 34 , 35 , 74 ]. Briefly, samples were biopted, weighed, and immediately incubated at 37 °C in Krebs-HEPES buffer (KHB) with 25 μM deferoxamine methane–sulfonate salt (DF) chelating agent and 5 μM sodium diethyldithio-carbamate trihydrate (DETC) at pH 7.4 with 1 mM of spin probe CMH.…”

“…As is well known, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is the only technique capable of providing direct quantitative detection of the ‘instantaneous’ presence of ROS [ 29 , 30 ] in a variety of biological samples [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ], resulting in its being the “gold standard”.…”