Lifespan Extending and Oxidative Stress Resistance Properties of a Leaf Extracts from Anacardium occidentale L. in Caenorhabditis elegans

Abstract

Anacardium occidentale (AO) contains a number of polyphenolic secondary metabolites with antioxidant activity. The objectives of this study were aimed at investigating the roles of AO leaf extracts in antioxidative stress and longevity, as well as their underlying mechanisms, in the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model. AO extracts mediated the survival rate of nematodes under oxidative stress by attenuating intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the DAF-16/FoxO and SKN-1/Nrf-2 signaling pathways. AO extracts stimulated the expression of stress response genes including SOD-3 and GST-4. Moreover, AO extracts exhibited antiaging activities and enhanced longevity. We observed improved pharyngeal pumping function, attenuation of pigment accumulation (lipofuscin), and an increased lifespan of the worms. Collectively, our results demonstrated that AO extracts exerted both oxidative stress resistance and antiaging properties in the C. elegans model and may lead to new agents to benefit humans in the near future.

Effects of Orange Extracts on Longevity, Healthspan, and Stress Resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans

“…The accumulation of age pigment in C. elegans was reduced dose dependently by orange extracts, and the most significant effect in reducing the accumulation of age pigment was shown at 400 mg/mL (decreased by 34.4% compared with the control). Since many reports claimed that the pre-treatment of antioxidants could decrease age pigment accumulation, [3] we inferred that orange extract downregulation of age pigment levels might be associated with its strong antioxidant potential in C. elegans (Figures 5 and 8). In addition, there was no obvious effect in the body length of orange extract-treated and untreated worms.…”

“…The results of the transcriptional analysis illustrated that orange extracts activated the expressions of age-1 and daf-16 genes in the IIS pathway, sek-1 and skn-1 genes in the MAPK pathway, and antioxidant genes, including sod-3 and gst-4 ( Figure 9B). The IIS pathway is a highly conservative and elaborate lifetime regulator, which plays a key role in development, metabolism, and aging in C. elegans [3]. This signaling pathway is activated by the translocation of DAF-16 to the nucleus [34].…”

“…Previous research has indicated that increased consumption of fruit and vegetables can effectively reduce the risk of some functional declines associated with aging, which is associated with the additive and synergistic interactions among phytochemicals existing in whole fruit and vegetables [2]. Bioactive non-nutrient plant phytochemicals, especially phenolicsand flavonoids, have been linked to many biological properties, such as antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties, which could be potential sources of anti-aging agents due to their excellent biological activities [3].…”

“…A previous report showed that phytochemicals extracted from blueberry could promote stress tolerance and longevity via dauer formation (DAF)-16 in C. elegans [11]. Anacardium occidentale leaf extracts containing a number of polyphenolic antioxidants enhanced the survival rate of nematodes under oxidative stress via the DAF-16/FOXO (Forkhead box O) and SKN-1/Nrf-2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) signaling pathways [3]. 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid isolated from Veronica peregrina prolonged the lifespan of C. elegans via SIR-2.1/SIR2-mediated DAF-16/FOXO activation, independent of dietary restriction and the IIS pathway [12].…”

HIV-1 protease and reverse transcriptase inhibition by tiger milk mushroom (Lignosus rhinocerus) sclerotium extracts: In vitro and in silico studies

“…The chemical constituents of LRH were analysed by GC-MS, then the chromatographic peaks were identified by comparison to the NIST library. The chromatogram of LRH exhibited about 50 isolated peaks, the identified compounds that provided a match factor and/or a reverse match factor greater than 800 20 are shown in the supplementary data 2. The identified compounds could be classified into four major groups which were alkanes (32.6%), fatty acids (29.8%), terpenes (21.8%), and ketones (15.8%).…”