Lifestyle and Environmental Approaches for the Primary Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Simon, Tracey G.; Chan, Andrew T.

doi:10.1016/j.cld.2020.06.002

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 197 publications

(270 reference statements)

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“…Known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, statins inhibit the rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonate pathway; while many cancer cells depend on the mevalonate pathway for growth and survival [26]. Studies have reported that statins can function as a blockade of diverse carcinogenic pathways [27]. A low dose of pitavastatin can inhibit NF-kappaB activation to reduce the TNF-alpha induced IL-6.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statins Reduce Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease: A 17-Year Longitudinal Study

Sung

Yeh

Muo

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common cancer in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients in Taiwan. Whether statin therapy associated with the HCC risk in hyperlipidemic patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ESRD is unclear. Using population-based insurance claim data from Taiwan, we identified from hyperlipidemic patients taking statins or not (677,364 versus 867,707) in 1999–2015. Among them, three pairs of propensity score matched statin and non-statin cohorts were established by renal function: 413,867 pairs with normal renal function (NRF), 46,851 pairs with CKD and 6372 pairs with ESRD. Incidence rates of HCC were compared, by the end of 2016, between statin and non-statin cohorts, between hydrophilic statins (HS) and lipophilic statins (LS) users, and between statin-ezetimibe combination therapy (SECT) and statin monotherapy (SM) users. The HCC incidence increased progressively from NRF to CKD and ESRD groups, was lower in the statin cohort than in the non-statin cohort, with the differences of incidence per 10,000 person-years increased from (7.77 vs. 21.4) in NRF group to (15.8 vs. 37.1) in CKD group to (19.1 vs. 47.8) in ESRD group. The incidence increased with age, but the Cox method estimated hazard ratios showed a greater statin effectiveness in older patients. Among statin users, the HCC incidence was lower in HS users than in LS users, and lower in SECT users than in SM users, but the difference was significant only in the NRF group. Hyperlipidemic patients with CKD and ESRD receiving statins are at reduced HCC risks; the treatment effectiveness is superior for HS users than for LS users, and for SECT users than for SM users, but not significant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statins Reduce Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease: A 17-Year Longitudinal Study

Sung

Yeh

Muo

et al. 2022

Cancers

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“…Unhealthy diet and hepatitis B virus infection are related to the liver cancer. Timely vaccination and maintaining a healthy diet can reduce the occurrence of liver cancer [26,27]. In recent years, multidisciplinary cooperation treatment has promoted the therapeutic effect and improved the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer and liver cancer [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival of cancer patients in Fujian, Southeast China: a population-based cancer registry study

Zhou¹,

Xiang²,

Ma³

et al. 2021

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Survival rates are usually used to evaluate the effect of cancer treatment and prevention. No study has focused on the characteristic of population-based cancer survival in Fujian, which is regarded as one of the high-risk areas of cancer in China. This study aims to analyze the 5-year relative survival of patients in Fujian Province using population-based cancer registry data. A total of 8 population-based registries in Fujian Province reported cancer cases diagnosed in 2012-2014.Relative survival was calculated as the ratio between observed survival and expected survival. The 5-year relative survival for all cancers combined was 36.19% and the age-standardized 5-year relative survival for all patients was 31.80%. Females had higher relative survival than males (38.90% and 27.00%). The patients in urban areas had a higher relative survival than those in rural areas (32.34% and 31.29%). Lung, gastric, liver, colorectal, and esophageal cancers were the five most common cancers, with 5-year relative survival below 50%. This is the first study that evaluated the population-based cancer relative survival in Fujian, China. Our study suggests that the overall survival of cancer patients in Fujian Province is poor. Furthermore, the results of this study can be used as a baseline for further research in Fujian, and provide important evidence for cancer etiology research.

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“…Lifestyle plays a key role in HCC, including weight control and the maintenance of a healthy diet, especially comprising fruits and vegetables, which can reduce the incidence of HCC. It is necessary to avoid drinking and smoking, to control hypertension and diabetes through medication, and to maintain normal circulating blood sugar and cholesterol levels ( 101 ).…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors and Prevention of Viral Hepatitis-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

et al. 2021

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer in the world, and its incidence is increasing yearly. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are important causes of HCC. Liver cirrhosis, age, sex, smoking and drinking, and metabolic risk factors will increase the risk of cancer in HBV/HCV patients. And viral load, APRI, FIB-4, and liver stiffness can all predict the risk of HCC in patients with viral infection. In addition, effective prevention strategies are essential in reducing the risk of HCC. The prevention of HCC involves mainly tertiary prevention strategies, while the primary prevention is based on standardized vaccine injections to prevent the occurrence of HBV/HCV. Eliminating the route of transmission and vaccination will lead to a decrease in the incidence of HCC. Secondary prevention involves effective antiviral treatment of HBV/HCV to prevent the disease from progressing to HCC, and tertiary prevention is actively treating HCC to prevent its recurrence.

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Lifestyle and Environmental Approaches for the Primary Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Cited by 12 publications

References 197 publications

Statins Reduce Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease: A 17-Year Longitudinal Study

Statins Reduce Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease: A 17-Year Longitudinal Study

Survival of cancer patients in Fujian, Southeast China: a population-based cancer registry study

Risk Factors and Prevention of Viral Hepatitis-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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