Lifestyle and neurodegeneration in midlife as expressed on functional magnetic resonance imaging: A systematic review

Abstract

IntroductionLifestyle factors may influence brain health in midlife. Functional magnetic resonance imaging is a widely used tool to investigate early changes in brain health, including neurodegeneration. In this systematic review, we evaluate the relationship between lifestyle factors and neurodegeneration in midlife, as expressed using functional magnetic resonance imaging.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO combining subject headings and free text terms adapted for each database. Articles were screened, and their quality was assessed independently by two reviewers before final inclusion in the review.ResultsWe screened 4116 studies and included 29 in the review. Seven lifestyle factors, such as alcohol, cognitive training, excessive internet use, fasting, physical training, smoking, and substance misuse, were identified in this review.DiscussionCognitive and physical trainings appear to be associated with a neuroprotective effect, whereas alcohol misuse, smoking, and substance misuse appear to be associated with neurodegeneration. Further research is required into the effects of excessive internet use and fasting.

The correlation of asymmetrical functional connectivity with cognition and reperfusion in carotid stenosis patients

“…With regard to the tendency of hyper-connectivity and hypo-connectivity post-CAS attenuation toward the connectivity state of healthy subjects, the possibility of “regression to the mean” should be considered as our study did not compare the longitudinal effects between CS patients with and without receiving CAS treatment. Furthermore, lifestyle modification has been shown associated with function connectivity changes ( Topiwala et al, 2018 ). However, lifestyle changes after CAS were not formally recorded in our patients, and this confounding factor should be taken into account regarding to the post-CAS functional connectivity changes.…”

Neuroimaging contrast across the cortical hierarchy is the feature maximally linked to behavior and demographics

“…Modern neuroimaging research has made significant progress towards this goal through the study of the brain-behavior relationship across individuals ( Bullmore and Sporns, 2009 ; Goldstein and Volkow, 2011 ; Kanai and Rees, 2011 ). The advent of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) enabled a non-invasive measurement of functional brain connectivity ( Biswal et al, 1995 ), which has been linked to a variety of individual measures, such as demographic factors ( Dohmen et al, 2011 ), lifestyle ( Topiwala et al, 2018 ), and cognitive functions ( Miller et al, 2016 ; Rosenberg et al, 2015 ). A comprehensive study of this connectivity-behavior relationship was recently made possible by the Human Connectome Project (HCP), which collected resting-state fMRI data along with hundreds of behavioral, cognitive, psychometric, and demographic measures from a large cohort of 1,200 subjects ( Van Essen et al, 2013 ).…”

Neuroimaging contrast across the cortical hierarchy is the feature maximally linked to behavior and demographics

“…Modern neuroimaging research has made significant progress towards this goal through the study of the brain-behavior relationship across individuals (1)(2)(3). The advent of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) enabled a non-invasive measurement of functional brain connectivity (4,5), which has been linked to a variety of individual measures, such as demographic factors (6), lifestyle (7), and cognitive functions (8,9). A comprehensive study of this connectivity-behavior relationship was recently made possible by the Human Connectome Project (HCP), which collected resting-state fMRI data along with hundreds of behavioral, cognitive, psychometric, and demographic measures from a large cohort of 1,200 subjects (10).…”