Lifestyle factors and lung cancer risk among never smokers in the Canadian Partnership for Tomorrow’s Health (CanPath)

Murphy, Rachel A.; Darvishian, Maryam; Qi, Jia; Chen, Yixian; Chu, Quincy S.; Vena, Jennifer E.; Dummer, Trevor J.B.; Le, Nhu D.; Sweeney, Ellen; DeClercq, Vanessa; Grandy, Scott A.; Keats, Melanie R.; Cui, Yunsong; Awadalla, Philip; Brenner, Darren R.; Bhatti, Parveen

doi:10.1007/s10552-022-01566-x

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The reason for the incidence of LUAD as the most common histological subtype in non-smokers may be the gene mutations observed more often in non-smokers with lung cancer. These mutations drive the development of this histological subtype [ 24 , 31 ], as well as the increased occurrence and intensity of predisposing factors to the development of adenocarcinoma in this group of patients, such as passive smoking [ 32 , 33 ] and obesity, which were more often observed in the group of non-smokers with LUAD compared to smokers, although the significant impact of the considered factors on the development of adenocarcinoma remains ambiguous [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Obtained results differ in the incidence rates of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma within the study groups of non-smokers and smokers, which is probably due to the differences in group sizes and ethnic races between the other studies, as well as other histological cancer subtypes included in the studies [ 21 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Concomitant Neoplastic Diseases, Tumor Characteristics, and the Survival of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma or Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma in Tobacco Smokers and Non-Smokers—10-Year Retrospective Single-Centre Cohort Study

Ochman

Kiczmer

Ziora

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Changes in smoking trends and changes in lifestyle, together with worldwide data regarding the incidence of lung cancer in the group of patients with no previous history of smoking, leads to consideration of the differences in the course of the disease, the time of cancer diagnosis, the survival rate, and the occurrence of comorbidities in this group of patients. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of non-smokers among patients undergoing anatomical resection of the lung tissue due to lung carcinoma and to investigate the differences between the course of lung cancer, survival, and the comorbidities in the groups of patients with lung cancer depending on the history of tobacco smoking. The study included a cohort of 923 patients who underwent radical anatomical resection of the lung tissue with lung primary adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. The Chi2 Pearson’s test, the t-test, the Mann–Whitney U test, the Kaplan–Meier method, the Log-rank test with Mantel correction, and the Cox proportional hazard model were used for data analysis. We observed a significantly higher mean age of smoking patients compared to the mean age of non-smoking patients. The coexistence of former neoplastic diseases was significantly more frequent in the group of non-smokers compared to the group of smoking patients. We did not observe differences depending on smoking status in the tumor stage, grade, vascular and pleural involvement status in the diagnostic reports. We did not observe differences in the survival between smokers vs. non-smokers, however, we revealed better survival in the non-smoker women group compared to the non-smoker men group. In conclusion, 22.11% of the patients undergoing radical anatomical resection of the lung tissue due to lung cancers were non-smokers. More research on survival depending on genetic differences and postoperative treatment between smokers and non-smokers is necessary.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Concomitant Neoplastic Diseases, Tumor Characteristics, and the Survival of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma or Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma in Tobacco Smokers and Non-Smokers—10-Year Retrospective Single-Centre Cohort Study

Ochman

Kiczmer

Ziora

et al. 2023

Cancers

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“…Moreover, we could not determine whether the association was consistent across pathological types of lung cancer. Additionally, despite the fact that all selected studies utilized multivariate regression analysis, residual confounding factors could not be excluded, such as the potential influences of dietary 50 and other lifestyle factors 51 that are related to the risk of lung cancer. Lastly, because this meta‐analysis included observational studies, it was not possible to establish a causal relationship between prediabetes and lung cancer on the basis of these findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediabetes and the risk of lung cancer incidence and mortality: A meta‐analysis

Shen

Chen

2023

J of Diabetes Invest

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Aims/IntroductionThere has been conflicting evidence regarding the role of prediabetes as a risk factor of lung cancer. A systemic review and meta‐analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between prediabetes and lung cancer incidence and mortality in general adult populations.Materials and MethodsObservational studies relevant to the objective were found in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. By incorporating potential heterogeneity into the model, a randomized‐effects model was selected.ResultsTen cohort studies were included. People with prediabetes were associated with a mildly increased risk of lung cancer incidence compared with controls with normoglycemia (risk ratio [RR]: 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.18, P = 0.03; I2 = 79%), which was mainly observed in men rather than in women (RR: 1.07 vs 0.99, P for subgroup difference < 0.001). Prediabetes was related to a higher risk of lung cancer mortality (RR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.02–1.39, P = 0.03; I2 = 52%), and the results were consistent in both men and women (P for subgroup difference = 0.67). The association between prediabetes and lung cancer incidence or mortality did not appear to be significantly affected by different definitions of prediabetes (P for subgroup difference = 0.27 and 0.37).ConclusionsPrediabetes might be associated with a mildly increased risk of lung cancer incidence in men, but not in women. In addition, prediabetes may be related to a higher risk of lung cancer mortality in the adult population.

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“…Future studies are warranted in this regard. Furthermore, it should be noted that although all the studies chosen for analysis employed multivariate regression analysis, the presence of residual confounding factors, including the potential impact of dietary [43] and other lifestyle factors [44] associated with lung cancer risk, could not be entirely eliminated. Moreover, the confounding factors adjusted in the original studies were different among the included studies, which may also affect the results of the meta-analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk of Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

Zhang,

Liu,

Huang

et al. 2023

Horm Metab Res

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Previous studies showed conflicting results regarding the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and risk of lung cancer. We performed a systemic review and meta-analysis to determine the relationship between MetS and lung cancer incidence and mortality in adults. Longitudinal follow-up studies were identified by search of Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. By incorporating potential heterogeneity into the model, a randomized-effects model was selected to pool the results. Fourteen observational studies were included. Pooled results showed that MetS was associated with a higher risk of lung cancer incidence [risk ratio (RR): 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05 to 1.26, p=0.002; I2=89%). Subgroup analysis suggested that the association was not significantly affected by study country, design, sex of the participants, adjustment of smoking, or different study quality scores (p for subgroup difference all>0.05). The association was predominantly contributed by studies with MetS defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel-III rather than those with MetS defined by the International Diabetes Foundation criteria, and the association seemed to be stronger in studies with follow-up within 6 years than those over 6 years (p for subgroup difference=0.03 and 0.04, respectively). In addition, pooled results also showed that MetS was associated with a higher risk of lung cancer mortality (RR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.19 to 1.79, p <0.001; I2=0%). In conclusion, in adult population, MetS may be a risk factor of lung cancer incidence and mortality.

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Lifestyle factors and lung cancer risk among never smokers in the Canadian Partnership for Tomorrow’s Health (CanPath)

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

Incidence of Concomitant Neoplastic Diseases, Tumor Characteristics, and the Survival of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma or Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma in Tobacco Smokers and Non-Smokers—10-Year Retrospective Single-Centre Cohort Study

Incidence of Concomitant Neoplastic Diseases, Tumor Characteristics, and the Survival of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma or Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma in Tobacco Smokers and Non-Smokers—10-Year Retrospective Single-Centre Cohort Study

Prediabetes and the risk of lung cancer incidence and mortality: A meta‐analysis

Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk of Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

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