Lifestyle factors associated with presenteeism among city government office workers: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objectives: Presenteeism is a critical issue in occupational health. This study aims to examine the association between presenteeism and subjective sleep quality, smoking status, and alcohol consumption. Methods: Anonymous data of 777 workers in a Japanese city were retrospectively obtained from City Government Office A. It included variables like absolute presenteeism scores (measured using the Japanese version of the World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire short form), gender, age, family status, subjective sleep quality, smoking status, and alcohol consumption. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed with gender, age, family status, subjective sleep quality, smoking status, and alcohol consumption as the independent variables, and absolute presenteeism scores equal to or below 40 as the dependent variable. A gender-stratified binary logistic regression analysis was also performed. Results: The logistic regression analysis results revealed that absolute presenteeism was positively associated with poor subjective sleep quality among all respondents (odds ratio, 1.70; 95% confidence interval, 1.18–2.44) and men (odds ratio, 1.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.12–3.05) and with current drinkers among women (odds ratio, 3.49; 95% confidence interval, 1.36–8.92); it was negatively associated with age among those who were ≥50 years old (odds ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.27–0.93) and with current drinkers among men (odds ratio, 0.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.20–0.92). Conclusions: The factors associated with presenteeism differed between men and women office workers, suggesting that gender differences need to be considered when working toward improving workers’ productivity.