Lifestyle Interventions with a Focus on Nutritional Strategies to Increase Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Heart Failure, Obesity, Sarcopenia, and Frailty

Billingsley, Hayley; Rodriguez‐Miguelez, Paula; Buono, Marco Giuseppe Del; Abbate, Antonio; Lavie, Carl J.; Carbone, Salvatore

doi:10.3390/nu11122849

Cited by 45 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 154 publications

(290 reference statements)

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“…The prevalence of SO has been reported to be higher in patients with chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, abnormal lipid metabolism. [18][19][20][21] The results of this study also indicate that the participants in the SO group were older than the those in the non-SO group, suggesting that increasing age may be a risk factor for the occurrence of SO. 22,23 The participants in the SO group were shorter; had faster heart rate; heavier weight; lower WC, BMI, TG, TC, LDL-C, and higher HDL-C; and lower education level than those in the non-SO group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

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The Association Between Sarcopenic Obesity and Hypertension, Diabetes, and Abnormal Lipid Metabolism in Chinese Adults

Yin¹,

Zhang²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

DMSO

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Objective Sarcopenic obesity is associated with several negative health outcomes. However, there are only a few studies on the relationship between SO and metabolic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and abnormal lipid metabolism in Chinese adults. The aim of this work was to evaluate the association between SO and hypertension, diabetes, and abnormal lipid metabolism in Chinese adults, and explore the prediction of SO using relevant anthropometric indicators. Materials and Methods All participants underwent a questionnaire interview for the collection of demographic data. Thereafter, they underwent physical examination for the measurement of anthropometric variables, which was performed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Biochemical measurements were determined according to standard laboratory procedures used for the evaluation of blood parameters. Results We included 14,926 patients aged 35–74 years old. The mean age of the participants was 56.75 ± 9.76 years old, and 39.80% of them were male. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 24.94 ± 3.40 kg/m 2 , and the overall prevalence of SO was 65.1%. The results showed that shorter people; people with faster heart rate; heavier weight; lower waist circumference (WC), BMI, triglyceride level, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels; and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level are at risk for SO. Conclusion The prevalence of SO is high (65.1%) in Chinese adults aged 35–74 years old. The occurrence of SO is related to hypertension, diabetes, and abnormal lipid metabolism. BMI, WC, and waist-hip ratio may be predictive indicators of SO. The incidence of SO may be reduced by timely intervention and health education for persons at risk of the condition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…The prevalence of SO has been reported to be higher in patients with chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, abnormal lipid metabolism. 18–21 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Sarcopenic Obesity and Hypertension, Diabetes, and Abnormal Lipid Metabolism in Chinese Adults

Yin¹,

Zhang²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

DMSO

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“…The 6-minute-walking-test (6MWT) is one of the recommended tools for assessment of muscular strength in the European consensus statement on definition and diagnosis of sarcopenia [41]. In HF patients, sarcopenia may have a greater negative impact on tolerance of exertion and quality of life than cachexia [42]. Some authors state that HF patients tend to lose muscular tissue prior to fatty tissue, and that sarcopenia may contribute to development of or precede cachexia, which in turn is related to loss of muscular, fatty, and bone tissues [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Nutritional Status and Clinical and Biochemical Parameters in Hospitalized Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction, with 1-year Follow-Up

et al. 2020

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Heart Failure (HF) is a cardiovascular disease with continually increasing morbidity and high mortality. The purpose of this study was to analyze nutritional status in patients diagnosed with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and evaluate the impact of malnutrition on their prognosis. The Polish version of MNA form (Mini Nutritional Assessment) was used to assess the patients’ nutritional status. The New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, exacerbation of HF, chosen echocardiographic and biochemical parameters, e.g. natriuretic peptides or serum albumin, were also analyzed. Among the 120 consecutive patients, 47 (39%) had a normal nutritional status, 62 (52%) were at risk of malnutrition and 11 (9%) were malnourished. The patients with malnutrition more frequently presented with HF exacerbation in comparison to those with normal nutritional status (82% vs. 30% respectively, p = 0.004). There were no significant differences between the investigated groups as to natriuretic peptides; however, both the malnourished patients and those at risk of malnutrition tend to show higher B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and NT-proBNP concentrations. During the average 344 days of follow-up 19 patients died and 25 were hospitalized due to decompensated HF. Malnutrition or being at risk of malnutrition seems to be associated with both worse outcomes and clinical status in HFrEF patients.

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“…As a result, it can be stated that diet consideration and monitoring the obesity rate should be an important part of the health campaigns that are promoted to disrupt the triggering of developing COPD [28]. Compelling evidence supports that the fundamental problem beyond obesity: diet, and its influence has been provided in the research, followed by a comprehensive understanding of diet and obesity and their influence on COPD [4,8,24]. Research driven nutrient reports about the pathogenesis of COPD demonstrated that incorrect diet and obesity along with a viable intervention has also been provided in the research [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular dynamics in COPD following diets and environmental stressor: Obesity leverage of health care utilize Omics

Fae¹,

Almansouri²,

Heck³

et al. 2021

GSC Biol. and Pharm. Sci.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represented as inflammatory complication of chronic bronchitis which is characterized by oxidative stress driven phenotypic changes likely enlarged alveoli and increased mucus along with tightened smooth muscle which exaggerate pathological consequences such as breathing problems. The association between COPD and obesity as a metabolic disorder following a variety of environmental stressors include lifestyle change (e.g., diet and e-smoking or marijuana) and air pollution are less likely to be evaluated. People who are suffering with COPD developed extensive suffocation and difficulty breathing, which ultimately leads to fatal conditions in severe cases, for example lung cancer, heart attack, and stroke. Previous studies showed metabolic disorder like obesity appeared as a risk determinant to COPD like breathing problem or deep vein thrombosis and its genetic modification resulted from abnormality of molecular dynamics turned out key trigger in case of immune alteration and inflammation following exposure of several environmental factors which could be linked with comorbidity in secondary chronic diseases pairing with other metabolic disorders (e.g., diabetes, heart disease, cancer or fatty liver disease). Lifestyle changes along with physical activities and management of the diet is worth to reduce COPD symptomatic firing. However, environmental factors like air pollution or particle matter owing to industrialization and urbanization include a variety of dust within indoor life, certain type of e-smoke also triggers the establishment of emphysema and enhances the progression of COPD aligned with molecular alteration in the lung tissue or interaction between different organs. Prediction and prevention skills as key tools of health management and evaluation in case of COPD remains unclear. Integrative care includes clinic assessment (e.g., the body mass index, diets, and metabolic profile using survey following physician guidance) could be coupled cellular and topological interaction between obesity and COPD supplemented with advanced functional and genetic variation utilize human genomics study like single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). To understand the impact of environmental risk better (e.g., air pollution or particle matter) on pathogenesis of disease or onset of the disease underlying the pulmonary system stratified lifestyle, age, metabolic disorders, diets, and medications, we envision exploring risks such as disease barrier and social determinants along with detection tools which may assess molecular dynamics and their alteration following stress might be associated with COPD in the pathogenesis. Environmental stressors (e.g., air pollution, particle matter, food addictive chemicals, and stress) as epigenetic modifiers could attribute to early phase of COPD onset and pathogenesis which reflect the molecular dynamics and redirection of networking pathways depending on gut immunity. Profiling of secondary metabolites is worth to explicate intervention of metabolism cascade owing to alter molecular sensitivity and connectivity. Utilized multi-dimensional omics such as metabolomics, genomics with exome sequencing, and epigenomics, prevention and prediction skills could visualize a new angle of disease diagnostic under the platform of integrative health care and surveillance supporting to patient’s quality of life.

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Lifestyle Interventions with a Focus on Nutritional Strategies to Increase Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Heart Failure, Obesity, Sarcopenia, and Frailty

Cited by 45 publications

References 154 publications

The Association Between Sarcopenic Obesity and Hypertension, Diabetes, and Abnormal Lipid Metabolism in Chinese Adults

The Association Between Sarcopenic Obesity and Hypertension, Diabetes, and Abnormal Lipid Metabolism in Chinese Adults

Relationship between Nutritional Status and Clinical and Biochemical Parameters in Hospitalized Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction, with 1-year Follow-Up

Molecular dynamics in COPD following diets and environmental stressor: Obesity leverage of health care utilize Omics

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