Lifestyles and Cardiovascular Prevention in Childhood and Adolescence

Abrignani, Maurizio Giuseppe; Lucà, Fabiana; Favilli, Silvia; Benvenuto, Manuela; Rao, Carmelo Massimiliano; Fusco, Stefania Angela Di; Gabrielli, Domenico; Gulizia, Michele Massimo

doi:10.1007/s00246-019-02152-w

Cited by 73 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, these functional foods can be further categorized as natural, transformed, fortified, and enhanced foods [ 9 ]. The rapid industrialization and modernization coupled with plummeting in the rate of consumption of health-promoting natural foods have witnessed the emergence of different health complications at an early age of human life [ 12 – 14 ]. Fascinatingly, consumer awareness and acceptance of functional foods to counteract lifestyle diseases have been recently amplified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postbiotics-parabiotics: the new horizons in microbial biotherapy and functional foods

et al. 2020

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Probiotics have several health benefits by modulating gut microbiome; however, techno-functional limitations such as viability controls have hampered their full potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical sectors. Therefore, the focus is gradually shifting from viable probiotic bacteria towards non-viable paraprobiotics and/or probiotics derived biomolecules, so-called postbiotics. Paraprobiotics and postbiotics are the emerging concepts in the functional foods field because they impart an array of health-promoting properties. Although, these terms are not well defined, however, for time being these terms have been defined as here. The postbiotics are the complex mixture of metabolic products secreted by probiotics in cell-free supernatants such as enzymes, secreted proteins, short chain fatty acids, vitamins, secreted biosurfactants, amino acids, peptides, organic acids, etc. While, the paraprobiotics are the inactivated microbial cells of probiotics (intact or ruptured containing cell components such as peptidoglycans, teichoic acids, surface proteins, etc.) or crude cell extracts (i.e. with complex chemical composition)". However, in many instances postbiotics have been used for whole category of postbiotics and parabiotics. These elicit several advantages over probiotics like; (i) availability in their pure form, (ii) ease in production and storage, (iii) availability of production process for industrial-scale-up, (iv) specific mechanism of action, (v) better accessibility of Microbes Associated Molecular Pattern (MAMP) during recognition and interaction with Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRR) and (vi) more likely to trigger only the targeted responses by specific ligand-receptor interactions. The current review comprehensively summarizes and discussed various methodologies implied to extract, purify, and identification of paraprobiotic and postbiotic compounds and their potential health benefits.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postbiotics-parabiotics: the new horizons in microbial biotherapy and functional foods

et al. 2020

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“…Overweight and obesity are major risk factors in adults for a number of chronic diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer [4]. Childhood obesity is associated with premature death and disability in adulthood, in addition to increased future risks, obese children experience breathing difficulties, increased risk of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, and psychological disorders [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Charts for Height, Weight, and BMI (6–18 y) for the Tuscany Youth Sports Population

Mascherini

Galanti

Massetti

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Overweight during youth is a large-scale public health issue. Engaging in regular physical activity generally reduces weight status. The hypothesis of the study is that organized sport plays an active role in maintaining a correct body weight during youth. The purpose of this study is to trace growth charts by height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) to be applied to the youth sports population. A retrospective study was conducted on 14,700 young athletes (10,469 males and 4231 females) aged between 6 and 18 years from surveillance carried out during the pre-participation screening of sports eligibility. The calculation of the prevalence of overweight and obesity was also performed. The new percentiles for the youth sports population show BMI values at 18 years 21.9 kg/m2 for males and 20.7 kg/m2 for females at the 50th percentile. The male sample shows 12.3% of the subjects were overweight and 1.5% were obese, while the female sample shows 9.8% are overweight and 1.1% obese. The higher prevalence of excess weight is evident up to 12 years old in both sexes and then gradually decreases. The development of the new specific growth charts for the youth sports population could reduce the risk of error in identifying the correct weight status of young athletes.

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“…Health benefits of physical activity and fitness levels are well documented and include not only the prevention of overweight and obesity (Al-Khudairy et al, 2017), cardiovascular (Abrignani et al, 2019) muscle and skeletal health improvement (Alves & Alves, 2019), but are also associated with mental health and well-being (Hosker et al, 2019), cognitive and academic performances (Singh et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Evolution of Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents for Evidence-Based Teaching

Colella¹,

Monacis²

2021

APE

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Physical fitness is one of the most important health indicators in children and adolescents. This study aims to assess the evolution of physical fitness levels in children and adolescents (9 -14 yrs) related to weight-status, providing evidence-based instructions for physical education teachers, and promoting the quality of physical education programs. The sample consisted of 542 early adolescents aged 9 -14 years (M = 269, F = 273) recruited from secondary schools in Italy. Physical fitness was assessed with the following motor test: SBJ, MBT, 10 × 5 and One Mile RWt. In addition to descriptive statistics, independent samples T-test and factorial ANOVA were carried out to compare and assess the evolution of motor performances over time. Multiple linear regression analysis was executed to investigate the variance in motor test explained by weight and height. Results evidence a significant increase in SBJ and MBT, but not in 10 × 5 and OneMile Run/Walk test, in about all age groups, both in male and female, normal weight and overweight/obese. Data analysis suggests that strength test in which is required single movement execution is more associated and conditioned by individual growth and anthropometrics factors than test required repeated movement and greater coordinative engagement.

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Lifestyles and Cardiovascular Prevention in Childhood and Adolescence

Cited by 73 publications

References 52 publications

Postbiotics-parabiotics: the new horizons in microbial biotherapy and functional foods

Postbiotics-parabiotics: the new horizons in microbial biotherapy and functional foods

Growth Charts for Height, Weight, and BMI (6–18 y) for the Tuscany Youth Sports Population

Assessing the Evolution of Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents for Evidence-Based Teaching

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