Lifetime affective problems and later-life cognitive state: Over 50 years of follow-up in a British birth cohort study

James, Sarah‐Naomi; Davis, Daniel; O’Hare, Celia; Sharma, Nikhil; John, Amber; Gaysina, Darya; Hardy, Rebecca; Kuh, Diana; Richards, Marcus

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.07.078

Cited by 26 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Educational attainment was defined as highest qualification on leaving full-time education in Whitehall II participants and by age 26 in NSHD participants. Depression caseness was defined using the General Health Questionnaire to ascertain depression symptoms, as previous operationalized by Goldberg and Hillier 23 and within the NSHD cohort by James et al 24 : scores of 5 or over (with the Likert scale recoded to 0-0-1-1 for each item before summing) were used as the threshold. For NSHD, covariates were taken from data collection at 60-64 years, the only wave with available cortisol measures available.…”

Section: Covariatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal associations between diurnal cortisol variation and later-life cognitive impairment

et al. 2020

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ObjectiveTo determine whether hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) dysfunction is prospectively associated with global cognitive impairment in later life. ; and for NSHD between 2006-2010 and in 2015. Serial salivary cortisol samples were collected multiple times within a 24-hour period at mean ages 61.2 and 65.9 years in Whitehall II and at age 60-64 years from NSHD participants. Cortisol profile is defined using cortisol awakening response and AM:PM ratio. Cognitive function was measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination in Whitehall II and Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination, third version, in NSHD, harmonized into a 30-point score. Models were adjusted for age, sex, diagnoses of hypertension and diabetes, body mass index (BMI), educational attainment, and interval between HPAA and cognitive assessments. ResultsIn fully adjusted models, increased AM:PM cortisol ratio was prospectively associated with better later-life cognitive function years later (0.02 fewer errors per SD increase in AM:PM cortisol ratio, p < 0.01) and verbal fluency (0.03 SD increase in verbal fluency per SD increase in AM:PM ratio, p < 0.01). Increasing age, lower educational attainment, diagnosis of hypertension, diagnosis of diabetes, and increased BMI were associated with worse cognitive function and poorer verbal fluency. There were no associations between depression and later-life cognition or reverse associations between cognition and later-life cortisol profiles. ConclusionsLoss of diurnal HPAA variation is evident in individuals subsequently experiencing more cognitive impairment. It may serve as an early preclinical marker of cognitive decline. impairment Longitudinal associations between diurnal cortisol variation and later-life cognitiveThis information is current as of December 12, 2019 Services Updated Information & http://n.neurology.org/content/94/2/e133.full including high resolution figures, can be found at:References http://n.neurology.org/content/94/2/e133.full#ref-list-1

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Section: Covariatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal associations between diurnal cortisol variation and later-life cognitive impairment

et al. 2020

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“…First, a structured modelling approach was used to compare a set of nested models corresponding to accumulation and sensitive period hypotheses to a saturated model including all main effects and all possible interactions. 8,27,28 The sensitive period model included three measures indicating whether an individual experienced caselevel affective symptoms at three time windows across the life course: early adulthood (age 23); middle adulthood (ages 33 and/or 42); and mid-life (age 50). The accumulation model included a measure of the number of time points (of the three windows of time described above) in which each individual experienced case-level affective symptoms.…”

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first study 7 found no associations of affective symptoms measured between ages 13 to 53 with objectively measured cognitive outcomes at age 60-64, whereas the most recent study reported that persistent case-level affective symptoms were associated with poorer cognitive state, verbal memory and letter search speed and accuracy at age 69. 8 In this current study we tested for associations of affective symptoms across adulthood (ages 23, 33, 42 and 50) with aspects of cognitive function at age 50. Specifically, two complementary advanced statistical approaches were employed.…”

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Longitudinal associations of affective symptoms with mid-life cognitive function: evidence from a British birth cohort

et al. 2019

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BackgroundAffective disorders are associated with poorer cognition in older adults; however, whether this association can already be observed in mid-life remains unclear.AimsTo investigate the effects of affective symptoms over a period of 30 years on mid-life cognitive function. First, we explored whether timing (sensitive period) or persistence (accumulation) of affective symptoms predicted cognitive function. Second, we tested how different longitudinal trajectories of affective symptoms were associated with cognitive function.MethodThe study used data from the National Child Development Study. Memory, verbal fluency, information processing speed and accuracy were measured at age 50. Affective symptoms were measured at ages 23, 33, 42 and 50 and used to derive longitudinal trajectories. A structured modelling approach compared a set of nested models in order to test accumulation versus sensitive period hypotheses. Linear regressions and structural equation modelling were used to test for longitudinal associations of affective symptoms with cognitive function.ResultsAccumulation of affective symptoms was found to be the best fit for the data, with persistent affective symptoms being associated with poorer immediate memory (b = −0.07, s.e. = 0.03, P = 0.01), delayed memory (b = −0.13, s.e. = 0.04, P < 0.001) and information processing accuracy (b = 0.18, s.e. = 0.08, P = 0.03), but not with information processing speed (b = 3.15, s.e. = 1.89, P = 0.10). Longitudinal trajectories of repeated affective symptoms were associated with poorer memory, verbal fluency and information processing accuracy.ConclusionsPersistent affective symptoms can affect cognitive function in mid-life. Effective management of affective disorders to prevent recurrence may reduce risk of poor cognitive outcomes and promote healthy cognitive ageing.Declaration of interestNone.

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“…Este estudio confirma la asociación entre depresión y deterioro cognitivo en personas mayores. Los hallazgos coinciden con una investigación de carácter longitudinal realizada en población británica, que concluye que problemas afectivos en el curso de la vida se asocian con un funcionamiento cognitivo disminuido en la adultez 8 . Por otra parte, un meta-análisis liderado por Rock et al en el año 2014, concluyó que el funcionamiento cognitivo disminuido se encontraba presente tanto en pacientes con diagnóstico actual de depresión, como en aquellos en remisión y en ausencia de sintomatología clínica de depresión 7 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Al respecto existe abundante evidencia que indica que personas con diagnóstico de depresión muestran una disminución en sus funciones cognitivas, entre ellas atención, memoria y funciones ejecutivas [4][5][6][7] . Estudios de carácter longitudinal han concluido que problemas afectivos a lo largo de la vida predecirían un funcionamiento cognitivo disminuido en la adultez mayor 8 .…”

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Diagnóstico médico de depresión se asocia a sospecha de deterioro cognitivo en adultos mayores

Nazar¹,

Ulloa²,

Martínez-Sangüinetti³

et al. 2020

Rev. méd. Chile

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del grupo de investigación elhoc. Association between cognitive impairment and depression in Chilean older adults Background: Depression has been previously associated with cognitive impairment in high income country populations. However, its association in the Chilean population has not been investigated. Aim: To investigate the association between depression and cognitive impairment. Material and Methods: Data from 1384 Chilean adults aged > 60 years, participating in the National Health Survey 2009-2010 was analyzed. Cognitive impairment was assessed using the Mini Mental Examination score. The medical diagnosis of depression was self-reported. The association between depression and cognitive impairment was assessed using a logistic regression. Results: Depression was positively associated with cognitive impairment. However, the magnitude of the association was higher in men (Odds ratio (OR) = 4.02 [95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.44; 6.61], p < 0.01]) than in women (OR = 2.23 [95%CI: 1.03; 3.43], p = 0.04). Older adults who were diagnosed for the first time with depression after 65 years of age, showed a stronger association with cognitive impairment (OR = 6.65 [95% CI: 2.39; 10.9], p < 0.01) than those diagnosed before 55 years. Conclusions: Our study confirms the association between depression and cognitive impairment. Further research is needed to elucidate the nature and potential mechanisms that link depression with cognitive impairment.

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Lifetime affective problems and later-life cognitive state: Over 50 years of follow-up in a British birth cohort study

Cited by 26 publications

References 58 publications

Longitudinal associations between diurnal cortisol variation and later-life cognitive impairment

Longitudinal associations between diurnal cortisol variation and later-life cognitive impairment

Longitudinal associations of affective symptoms with mid-life cognitive function: evidence from a British birth cohort

Diagnóstico médico de depresión se asocia a sospecha de deterioro cognitivo en adultos mayores

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