Lifetime Major Depression is Associated With Coronary Heart Disease in Older Adults: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions

Herbst, Sarah; Pietrzak, Robert H.; Wagner, Julie; White, William Β.; Petry, Nancy M.

doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3181574977

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…[37][38][39] Earlier studies have consistently reported that patients with diabetes or coronary heart disease are more likely to have mental disorders than those without. [20][21][22][23][24][25] Our results provide additional evidence that people with diagnosed diabetes, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, stroke or asthma have a significantly higher prevalence of depression and anxiety than those without these conditions. Compared with the earlier studies that examined the relationship of mental disorders with overweight/obesity, one of the advantages of this study was that we were able to adjust for multiple risk factors of mental health disorders, including demographics, ORCs, psychosocial and lifestyle factors with a large sample size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] However, most of the earlier studies failed to evaluate the effects of obesity-related comorbidities (ORCs), lifestyle factors (such as smoking, alcohol drinking and physical activity) or other psychosocial factors (such as general health status, emotional support and life satisfaction) on mental health simultaneously, although these factors also affect mental health status 13,[16][17][18][19] or are associated with mental disorders. 16,[20][21][22][23][24][25] On the other hand, some other studies have found no relationship 26 or an inverse association of overweight/obesity with mental disorders in men. [27][28][29] Therefore, the results on the relationship of mental disorders with body mass index (BMI) remain controversial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Depression and anxiety among US adults: associations with body mass index

et al. 2009

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Background: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing a variety of chronic diseases, most of which are associated with psychiatric disorders. We examined the associations of depression and anxiety with body mass index (BMI) after taking into consideration the obesity-related comorbidities (ORCs) and other psychosocial or lifestyle factors. Methods: We analyzed the data collected from 177 047 participants (agedX18 years) in the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Current depression was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 diagnostic algorithm. Lifetime diagnoses of depression, anxiety and ORCs were self-reported. The prevalence of the three psychiatric disorders was age standardized to the 2000 US population. Multivariate-adjusted prevalence ratios were computed to test associations of depression and anxiety with BMI using SUDAAN software. Results: The age-adjusted prevalence of current depression, lifetime diagnosed depression and anxiety varied significantly by gender. Within each gender, the prevalence of the three psychiatric disorders was significantly higher in both men and women who were underweight (BMIo18.5 kg/m 2 ), in women who were overweight (BMI: 25-o30 kg/m 2 ) or obese (BMIX30 kg/m 2 ), and in men who had class III obesity (BMIX40 kg/m 2 ) than in those with a normal BMI (18.5Ào25 kg/m 2 ). After adjusting for demographics, ORCs, lifestyle or psychosocial factors, compared with men with a normal BMI, men with a BMIX40 kg/m 2 were significantly more likely to have current depression or lifetime diagnosed depression and anxiety; men with a BMIo18.5 kg/m 2 were also significantly more likely to have lifetime diagnosed depression. Women who were either overweight or obese were significantly more likely than women with a normal BMI to have all the three psychiatric disorders.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that disparities in the prevalence of depression and anxiety exist among people with different BMI levels independent of their disease status or other psychosocial or lifestyle factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Depression and anxiety among US adults: associations with body mass index

et al. 2009

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“…Health insurance coverage included Medicare, Medicaid, or Tricare/CHAMPUS, current or former employee-based coverage, and coverage purchased directly from an insurance company (including group purchasing, e.g., AARP). Categorical variables were created for age (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34), and over 64 years), family income (less than $18,000; $18,000-$31,999; $32,000-$54,999; and $55,000 and over), and education (0-11; 12; 13-15; and 16 or more years).…”

Section: Analysis Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those studies specifying antidepressant therapy indicated that many drugs were prescribed for non-mental health indications and that nearly half of all antidepressant users did not meet criteria for current psychiatric disorders (19)(20)(21). Furthermore, previous work has shown that several common medical conditions, such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and risk factors for these conditions, are associated with depressive symptomology and antidepressant use (22)(23)(24)(25). Given the prominence of antidepressant drugs for treating common mental conditions and the rise in the number of prescriptions and costs in the United States over the past decade, we sought to examine the distribution of antidepressant use at the national level (26).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidepressant Use in Black and White Populations in the United States

González

Croghan

West

et al. 2008

Psychiatric Services

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Objective-The study objective was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of antidepressant use by black and white Americans.Methods-Data from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys (CPES) were analyzed to calculate nationally representative estimates of antidepressant use by black and white Americans. Setting-The 48 coterminous United States was the setting.Participants-Household residents ages 18 years and older (N=9,723) participated in the study.Main Outcomes-The primary outcome was past-year antidepressant use (n=1,004).Results-Among individuals with 12-month depressive and anxiety disorders (n=516), blacks (14.6%) had significantly lower (p < 0.001) antidepressant use than whites (32.4%). Depression severity was significantly associated with higher antidepressant use for whites, but not blacks. Psychiatric disorders and vascular disease significantly increased the odds of past-year antidepressant use. The increased prevalence of antidepressant use associated with vascular disease was independent of diagnosable psychiatric disorders. Among respondents not meeting criteria for 12-month depressive and anxiety disorders, lifetime depressive and anxiety disorders and vascular disease significantly increased the odds of antidepressant use.Conclusions-Few white and fewer black Americans with depressive and anxiety disorders receive antidepressant treatment. Higher depression severity was associated with more antidepressant use for whites, but not blacks. Antidepressant use was associated with medical conditions related to vascular disease, and these medical conditions were independent of coexisting psychiatric conditions. The results also indicate that many antidepressants are used for maintenance pharmacotherapy for

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“…Identifying depression in patients with chronic physical health problems is important for several reasons. First, a number of studies suggest depression is approximately two to three times as prevalent in such populations, including patients with cancer, 2 chronic heart disease, 3,4 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 5 Secondly, there appears to be greater disease burden, in terms of healthcare use and functional disability, in people with comorbid depression compared with those with physical health problems alone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%