Ligand exchange in ionic systems and its effect on silver nucleation and growth

Abbott, Andrew P.; Azam, M.; Frisch, Gero; Hartley, Jennifer M.; Ryder, Karl S.; Saleem, Saqib

doi:10.1039/c3cp52674g

Cited by 32 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Substituting this and other parameters in equation (1), the diffusion coefficient of Zn(II) in 12CU is determined to be 1.65 × 10 -8 cm 2 s -1 at 333 K, which is smaller than that of Zn(II) in AlCl 3 -EMIC (2.6 × 10 -6 cm 2 s -1 [40]) and Bu 3 MeN-TFSI (1.6 × 10 -7 cm 2 s -1 [41]) ionic liquids. The relatively low mobility of Zn(II) species may be attributed to the high viscosity of the 12CU [42] and the formation of large, sterically hindered Zn-complex anions when ZnO is dissolved in the 12CU [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of Zn and Cu–Zn alloy from ZnO/CuO precursors in deep eutectic solvent

Xie

Zou

et al. 2016

Applied Surface Science

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/ 34 Graphical abstractMicro/nanostructured Zn and Cu−Zn alloy films have been electrodeposited directly from ZnO/CuO precursors in ChCl/urea-based DES, the typical nucleation-growth mechanism and the micro/nanostructures-formation process are determined. Highlights> Micro/nanostructured Zn films have been electrodeposited directly from ZnO precursor in deep eutectic solvent (DES). > The morphology of the Zn electrodeposits depends on the cathodic potential and temperature. > The electrodeposited Zn films exhibit homogeneous morphologies with controllable particle sizes and improved corrosion resistance. > Cu-Zn alloy films have also been electrodeposited directly from their metal oxides precursors in DES. 4 / 34 Abstract The electrodeposition of Zn and Cu−Zn alloy has been investigated in choline chloride (ChCl)/urea (1:2 molar ratio) based deep eutectic solvent (DES). Cyclic voltammetry study demonstrates that the reduction of Zn(II) to Zn is a diffusion-controlled quasi-reversible, one-step, two electrons transfer process. Chronoamperometric investigation indicates that the electrodeposition of Zn on a Cu electrode typically involves three-dimensional instantaneous nucleation with diffusion-controlled growth process. Micro/nanostructured Zn films can be obtained by controlling the electrodeposition potential and temperature. The electrodeposited Zn crystals preferentially orient parallel to the (101) plane. The Zn films electrodeposited under more positive potentials and low temperatures exhibit improved corrosion resistance in 3 wt% NaCl solution. In addition, Cu-Zn alloy films have also been electrodeposited directly from CuO-ZnO precursors in ChCl/urea-based DES.The XRD analysis indicates that the phase composition of the electrodeposited Cu-Zn alloy depends on the electrodeposition potential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of Zn and Cu–Zn alloy from ZnO/CuO precursors in deep eutectic solvent

Xie

Zou

et al. 2016

Applied Surface Science

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“…(1), the diffusion coefficient of Zn(II) in ChCl/urea-based DES is determined to be 6.21 × 10 -9 cm 2 s -1 at 333 K, which is smaller than that of Zn(II) in Bu 3 MeN-TFSI (1.6 × 10 -7 cm 2 s -1 [54]) and AlCl 3 -EMIC (2.6 × 10 -6 cm 2 s -1 [55]) ionic liquids. The relatively low mobility of Zn(II) species may be ascribed to the formation of large, sterically hindered Zn-complex anions when ZnO is dissolved in the DES [44] and high viscosity of the ChCl/urea-based DES [56].…”

Section: Cyclic Voltammetry (Cv) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of Zn, Cu, and Zn-Cu Alloys from Deep Eutectic Solvents

Zou¹,

Lu²,

Xie³

2017

Progress and Developments in Ionic Liquids

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Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) comprising choline chloride (ChCl) with either urea or ethylene glycol (EG) have been successfully used as powerful and potential electrolytes for extracting metals from their corresponding metal oxide precursors. In this work, for electrodeposition of Zn and Zn-Cu alloys, ChCl/urea-based DES was employed. Cyclic voltammetry study demonstrates that the reduction of Zn(II) to Zn is a diffusioncontrolled quasi-reversible, one-step, two electrons transfer process. Micro-/nanostructured Zn and Zn-Cu alloys films have been electrodeposited directly from their metal oxide precursors in DES, and the Zn and Zn-Cu alloy films exhibit homogeneous morphologies with controlled particle sizes. Besides, the electrodeposition of Cu from CuO in the eutectics based on ChCl with urea and EG has been investigated, respectively. The higher coordinated Cu species in the ChCl/urea-based DES are obviously more difficult to reduce, and higher overpotential is needed to drive the nucleation process compared with the lower coordinated Cu species in the ChCl/EG-based DES. The surface morphology of the Cu electrodeposits is significantly affected by the type of DES and the electrodeposition potentials. Furthermore, the Cu electrodeposits obtained in the ChCl/urea-based DES possess more dense microstructures than those produced in the ChCl/EG-based DES.

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“…Resulting poly(HIPEs) monoliths are nearly exact replicas of their precursor emulsion having cavities of approximate diameter of the emulsion droplets with smaller interconnecting pore voids. In most cases, raising the surfactant content produces higher degree of interconnecting secondary porosity, whereas decreasing it produces closed pore structures . Changing the internal to continuous phase volume ratio can also modulate openness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonaqueous Synthesis of Macroporous Nanocomposites Using High Internal Phase Emulsion Stabilized by Nanohydroxyapatite

Carranza

Romero-Perez

Almanza-Reyes

et al. 2017

Adv Materials Inter

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Nonaqueous high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) stabilized by nanohydroxyapatite (NHA)/surfactant hybrids are used as template to prepare interconnected porous monoliths. The use of a sustainable deep eutectic solvent (DES) comprised of urea and choline chloride (UChCl), as the internal phase, enables an efficient interaction of NHA/surfactant at the HIPE interface, which in turn allows for a bottom‐up approach to selective interfacial functionalization of poly(HIPE's) voids surface after polymerization of methyl methacrylate continuous phase. UChCl DES is a suitable internal phase for HIPE polymerization thanks to its polarity and viscosity that provides further stabilization of the emulsion precursor. This simple synthetic method produces well‐defined functional poly(methyl methacrylate) (pMMA) scaffolds with tunable mechanical properties and exposed NHA at the inner surface. Based upon a preliminary biocompatibility in vivo test, poly(HIPEs) show enhanced biocompatibility in comparison with sterile gauze. Interestingly, pMMA NHA nanocomposite scaffold remains in the tissue after 90 d allowing little ingrowth of cells while causing a normal foreign‐body reaction in the rats' muscle tissue. Interfacial functionalization of well‐defined interconnected porous monoliths with nanomaterials via DES‐based HIPEs approach is a promising method that encourages further investigation for the synthesis of biodegradable and biocompatible scaffolds nanocomposites for tissue engineering purposes.

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Ligand exchange in ionic systems and its effect on silver nucleation and growth

Cited by 32 publications

References 63 publications

Electrodeposition of Zn and Cu–Zn alloy from ZnO/CuO precursors in deep eutectic solvent

Electrodeposition of Zn and Cu–Zn alloy from ZnO/CuO precursors in deep eutectic solvent

Electrodeposition of Zn, Cu, and Zn-Cu Alloys from Deep Eutectic Solvents

Nonaqueous Synthesis of Macroporous Nanocomposites Using High Internal Phase Emulsion Stabilized by Nanohydroxyapatite

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