Light and Cognition: Roles for Circadian Rhythms, Sleep, and Arousal

Fisk, Angus S.; Ske., Tam; Brown, L. M.; Vyazovskiy, Vladyslav V.; Bannerman, David M.; Peirson, Stuart N.

doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00056

Cited by 218 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 234 publications

(248 reference statements)

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“…31 Alertness and arousal are known to affect cognitive performance. 32,33 Previous studies also showed that better work performance was found along with enhanced alertness under high CCT lighting condition with more blue components, 5,34 which aligns with our finding. These nonimage forming effects of blue light are mainly regulated by melanopsin illuminance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…It implies that more severe visual fatigue produced under blue‐enriched light does not deteriorate cognition performance, which may be related to the alertness or arousal modulated by blue light . Alertness and arousal are known to affect cognitive performance . Previous studies also showed that better work performance was found along with enhanced alertness under high CCT lighting condition with more blue components, which aligns with our finding.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Assessment of visual fatigue under LED tunable white light with different blue components

et al. 2020

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Light‐emitting diode (LED) light source has high intensity emission of blue components absent in the daylight spectra and regulates human physiology and behavior. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of LED tunable white light with different blue‐component intensities on visual fatigue based on human eye photoreceptors. The short (S)‐cone and melanopsin illuminance were about 212% and 82% higher for blue‐enriched white light than blue‐less white light, respectively. The photopic illuminance was same for these two lights. The results revealed that blue‐enriched LED tunable white light with higher illuminance of S cones had a significant effect on visual fatigue. Participants experienced more eye discomfort under blue‐enriched white light accompanied with decreased vision function and changes in the autonomic nervous system. Visual acuity and tear film stability declined, and heart rhythm changed more significantly under blue‐enriched white light than blue‐less white light. While memory performance did not decline with more severe visual fatigue, improved memory performance under blue‐enriched white light may be due to enhanced alertness or arousal associated with high melanopsin illuminance. Our results suggest that blue‐enriched white light with higher illuminance of S cones and melanopsin has beneficial effects on cognitive performance, but it can induce relatively more visual fatigue.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Assessment of visual fatigue under LED tunable white light with different blue components

et al. 2020

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“…22 The anterior hypothalamus comprises among other nuclei the suprachiasmatic nucleus, which serves as a key integrator between environmental stimuli and internal metabolic and endocrinological factors and has long been hypothesized to play a key role in migraine attack generation. 12,13,23 When looking at the time course of contrast estimates at the various points of scanning, it is also noteworthy that hypothalamic activation rises above the interictal level only within the last 48 hours before headache onset and appears to fall back to that level during the headache phase. This evidence of a cycling behavior on a hypothalamic level mirrors the previously reported cycling of the spinal trigeminal nucleus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Neuroimaging over 30 Days: Temporal Characteristics of Migraine

Schulte

Mehnert

May

2020

Annals of Neurology

101

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Objective Although migraine is defined by the headache and headache‐associated symptoms, the true beginning of a migraine attack lies in the premonitory phase. To understand the generation of attacks, one needs to investigate the phase before headache starts. The premonitory phase of migraine is characterized by a well‐described complex of symptoms. Its duration, however, is not clearly defined, and there are no biomarkers to help define when this phase starts. Methods Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to elucidate the duration of the premonitory phase in spontaneous human migraine attacks. Because migraine attacks are hardly predictable and thereby the premonitory phase is difficult to catch, we scanned 9 patients daily over a minimum period of 30 days using a well‐established paradigm for functional MRI of trigeminal nociception. Results Seven patients were included in the analysis, thus providing cumulative data of 27 spontaneous human migraine attacks including scans before, during, and after migraine pain as well as interictal scans. As a response to painful trigeminal stimulation, activation of the hypothalamus was present within the last 48 hours before headache onset but not earlier. Interpretation Using hypothalamic activation as a potential marker for the premonitory phase of migraine in this unique dataset, our data corroborated a duration of 48 hours for the premonitory phase of migraine. We suggest applying this time criterion in future studies when focusing on this phase of the migraine cycle. ANN NEUROL 2020;87:646–651

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“…The effect of blue light on cognitive processes may be considered in terms of complex interactions between circadian, sleep, and arousal factors. Particularly, blue light, through NIF system, can either act directly on neuronal system and thus on alertness and behavior, or indirect effects may occur due to disrupted entrainment of circadian system and/or sleep (Fisk et al, 2018). Therefore, the effects of changed blue light condition can be interpreted in terms of different mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term reduction of short wavelength light affects sustained attention and visuospatial working memory

Domagalik

Ogińska

Beldzik

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The short wavelength, i.e. blue light, is crucial for non-image forming effects such as entrainment of circadian system. Moreover, many studies showed that blue light enhances alertness and performance in cognitive tasks. However, most of scientific reports in this topic is based on studies using short exposure to blue or blue-enriched light and only few focused on the effects of its reduced transmittance, especially in longer period. The latter could potentially give insight into understanding if age-related sleep problems and cognitive decline are related to less amount of blue light reaching the retina, as our lenses become more yellow with age. In this study, we investigated the effects of prolonged blocking of blue light on cognitive functioning, in particular -sustained attention and visuospatial working memory, and sleep. We used amber contact lenses reducing transmittance of blue light by approximately 90% for the period of four weeks on a group of young, healthy participants. No changes were observed for measurements related to sleep and sleep-wake rhythm.The significant effect was shown both for sustained attention and visuospatial memory, i.e. the longer blocking the blue light lasted, the greater decrease in performance was observed. Additionally, the follow-up session was conducted (approximately one week after taking off the blue-blocking lenses) and revealed that in case of sustained attention this detrimental effect of blocking BL is fully reversible. Our findings provide evidence that prolonged reduction of BL exposure directly affects human cognitive functioning regardless of sleep-related conditions.

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Light and Cognition: Roles for Circadian Rhythms, Sleep, and Arousal

Cited by 218 publications

References 234 publications

Assessment of visual fatigue under LED tunable white light with different blue components

Assessment of visual fatigue under LED tunable white light with different blue components

Longitudinal Neuroimaging over 30 Days: Temporal Characteristics of Migraine

Long-term reduction of short wavelength light affects sustained attention and visuospatial working memory

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