Light and scanning electron microscopic study of lingual papillae in the wolf (Canis lupus)

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to perform light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigation of the tongue and papilla belonging to two wolves. Light microscopy and SEM images of tongues were taken. It was observed that papillae filiformes concentrated in apex of these investigated tongues. In addition to, these papillae were observed in the whole tongues. It was also determined that papillae fungiformes were distributed rarely in between papillae filiformes. Papillae foliatae were placed in the lateral side of tongues. There were two papillae vallatae in the median part of tongues. Papillae vallatae was determined in radix linguae. It was observed that papillae vallatae formed circular extensions in many different dimensions and a hole was present in a circular structure in the center. Papillae conicae were seen on dorsal surface of radix linguae. Papillae foliatae were seen four laminal structure and placed on the each lateral side of tongues. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that presents of light microscopy and SEM findings related with the tongues of wolves.

Three‐dimensional study of the lingual papillae and their connective tissue cores in the Nile fox (Vulpes vulpes aegyptica) (Linnaeus, 1758)

“…In agreement to the current results, the lingual root of silver fox, arctic fox, wolf, and puma is covered by large conical papillae (Erdoğan et al, 2018; Haligur et al, 2019; Jackowiak et al, 2009; Jackowiak & Godynicki, 2004). Two types of conical papillae were present on the lingual root in the Nile fox: elongated triangular conical papillae with pointed tips and large conical papillae with sharp pointed apical parts, they differed in size and distribution.…”

“…The current study investigated the lingual papillae of Egyptian red fox (Nile fox, V. v. aegyptica ) and their CTCs by SEM. Similar to the present findings, five types of lingual papillae have been reported in the red fox, silver fox, arctic fox, wolf, and domestic cat (El‐bably & Tolba, 2015; Elkarmoty & Noor, 2017; Haligur et al, 2019; Jackowiak et al, 2009; Jackowiak & Godynicki, 2004). On the contrary, six types of papillae (filiform, conical, hook shape‐like, fungiform, vallate, and foliate) are present in mongoose (Haligur, Ozkadif, Alan, & Yener, 2020), and four types (filiform, fungiform, foliate, and vallate papillae) are present in Japanese red fox, raccoon dog, Persian Leopard, and cat (Emura et al, 2006; Sadeghinezhad, Sheibani, Memarian, & Chiocchetti, 2017).…”

“…Several studies have been done to investigate the morphology of tongue and lingual papillae in different members of the family Carnivora including arctic fox, silver fox, Japanese red fox, wolf, raccoon dogs, black‐backed Jackal, tiger, jaguar, ocelot, and domestic cat (El‐bably & Tolba, 2015; Emura, Hayakawa, Chen, & Shoumura, 2004; Emura, Okumura, & Chen, 2013; Emura, Okumura, Chen, & Shoumura, 2006; Emura & Sugiyama, 2014; Freire et al, 2019; Haligur, Ozkadif, & Alan, 2019; Jackowiak & Godynicki, 2004; Jackowiak, Godynicki, Skieresz‐Szewczyk, & Trzcielińska‐Lorych, 2009). In addition, the connective tissue cores (CTCs) of the lingual papillae have been studied in black‐backed jackal, dog, jaguar, and cat (Emura, 2018; Emura et al, 2013; Emura & Sugiyama, 2014; Kobayashi & Iwasaki, 1989; Kobayashi, Miyata, & Iino, 1987; Kobayashi, Miyata, Iwasaki, & Takahashi, 1988).…”

The Three-Dimensional Characteristic of Fungiform Papillae and its Taste Buds in European Bison (Bison Bonasus), Cattle (Bos Taurus), and Bison Bonasus Hybrid

“…Primarily the analyses of taste buds were based on 2D observations of the cross-sections of Fu papillae or counting of taste pores visible on scanning electron microscopic electronograms. Such studies were conducted in Egyptian fruit bats, wild boar, pig, hippopotamus, goat, yak, wolf, and Japanese badgers [9,15,18,25,27,29,50]. The third method was indirect because of the NaOH macerated CTC of Fu papillae.…”

“…On the dorsal surface of the apex, Fu papillae are located along lateral margins of the tongue or spread evenly among liform papillae. The Fu papillae on the ventral surface of the tongue cover evenly lateral borders of the apex or form characteristic clusters on the anterior border of the lingual apex or the tip of the tongue [8, 13,23,27,28,29]. On the dorsal surface of the body of the tongue, Fu papillae are distributed regularly or only on its lateral areas.…”