Light Crosstalk and Its Effect on Combining Efficiency of Diode Laser Array Grating-External Cavity Spectral Beam Combining System
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谱合成系统串扰及其对合束特性的影响
Objective In diode laser array (DLA) gratingexternal cavity spectral beam combining (SBC) systems, the combining efficiency and beam quality are very important indicators. However, the beam crosstalk caused by imperfect factors including the divergence angle and deflection angle of DLA emitters results in the degradation of the output beam quality and combining efficiency. Therefore, to understand the physical mechanism of crosstalk in the roundtrip propagation of the beams in a DLA gratingexternal cavity SBC system and further analyze its influence on the performance of the SBC system , the relationship between the crosstalk and the combining efficiency or beam quality is established. In addition, the influences of key factors, including the DLA spacing, focal length of the lens, and line density of the grating, on the performance of the SBC system are analyzed.Methods To study the behavior of beam crosstalk and its influence on the performance of an SBC system , a roundtrip propagation model of a DLA is established. On this basis, by taking the semiconductor laser rate equation involving beam crosstalk injection into consideration, a physical model of combining efficiency of the SBC system is also developed. Furthermore, the influence of the divergence angle and deflection angle on the beam combining performance is studied using numerical calculations and statistical analysis. Results and DiscussionsWith only the divergence angle considered, there is no obvious crosstalk (Fig. 4). This is because the beam emitted by each emitter can be fed back to itself after being reflected by the external cavity. Even when the divergence angle increases to 12 mrad, the beam quality factor M 2 , beam combining efficiency η, and feedback intensity κ are not strongly affected by the divergence angle. With only the deflection angle considered, the feedback beam from the external cavity exhibits different degrees of deviation (Fig. 5). With an increase in the deflection angle, the feedback beam reflected to its own emitter decreases in intensity, whereas the feedback intensity from the other emitters increases, resulting in crosstalk. When the effects of the divergence and deflection angles are considered comprehensively, the feedback beam to the emitters deviates significantly, resulting in an obvious degradation of the output beam quality and combining efficiency (Fig. 6). For a given maximum divergence angle, the combining efficiency remains almost unchanged as the maximum deflection angle increases and then decreases sharply beyond a certain angle.The output beam quality exhibits the same trend. For a given maximum deflection angle, the beam combining efficiency remains almost unchanged up to a divergence angle of 12 mrad, whereas the beam quality decreases significantly. In addition, the DLA spacing, focal length of the lens, and line density of the grating have almost no influence on the combining efficiency with an increase in the maximum deflection angle up to a certain angle, after which the efficiency decreases dramatic...
谱合成系统串扰及其对合束特性的影响
Objective In diode laser array (DLA) gratingexternal cavity spectral beam combining (SBC) systems, the combining efficiency and beam quality are very important indicators. However, the beam crosstalk caused by imperfect factors including the divergence angle and deflection angle of DLA emitters results in the degradation of the output beam quality and combining efficiency. Therefore, to understand the physical mechanism of crosstalk in the roundtrip propagation of the beams in a DLA gratingexternal cavity SBC system and further analyze its influence on the performance of the SBC system , the relationship between the crosstalk and the combining efficiency or beam quality is established. In addition, the influences of key factors, including the DLA spacing, focal length of the lens, and line density of the grating, on the performance of the SBC system are analyzed.Methods To study the behavior of beam crosstalk and its influence on the performance of an SBC system , a roundtrip propagation model of a DLA is established. On this basis, by taking the semiconductor laser rate equation involving beam crosstalk injection into consideration, a physical model of combining efficiency of the SBC system is also developed. Furthermore, the influence of the divergence angle and deflection angle on the beam combining performance is studied using numerical calculations and statistical analysis. Results and DiscussionsWith only the divergence angle considered, there is no obvious crosstalk (Fig. 4). This is because the beam emitted by each emitter can be fed back to itself after being reflected by the external cavity. Even when the divergence angle increases to 12 mrad, the beam quality factor M 2 , beam combining efficiency η, and feedback intensity κ are not strongly affected by the divergence angle. With only the deflection angle considered, the feedback beam from the external cavity exhibits different degrees of deviation (Fig. 5). With an increase in the deflection angle, the feedback beam reflected to its own emitter decreases in intensity, whereas the feedback intensity from the other emitters increases, resulting in crosstalk. When the effects of the divergence and deflection angles are considered comprehensively, the feedback beam to the emitters deviates significantly, resulting in an obvious degradation of the output beam quality and combining efficiency (Fig. 6). For a given maximum divergence angle, the combining efficiency remains almost unchanged as the maximum deflection angle increases and then decreases sharply beyond a certain angle.The output beam quality exhibits the same trend. For a given maximum deflection angle, the beam combining efficiency remains almost unchanged up to a divergence angle of 12 mrad, whereas the beam quality decreases significantly. In addition, the DLA spacing, focal length of the lens, and line density of the grating have almost no influence on the combining efficiency with an increase in the maximum deflection angle up to a certain angle, after which the efficiency decreases dramatic...
无输出镜外腔光谱合束结构对反馈效率的影响
No abstract
Analysis of physical mechanism of beam crosstalk in semiconductor laser array spectral-beam-combined system
In spectral beam combining systems based on a grating-external cavity, due to factors such as the "smile" effect of the semiconductor laser array, the error of the optical components in the external cavity, the beam from one emitter transmits in the external cavity, and can return to other emitters, forming beam crosstalk between the two emitters. In this paper, in order to investigate the beam crosstalk physical mechanism and its influence on beam properties such as locked spectra and beam combining efficiency, based on the optical feedback semiconductor rate equation, the beam modes that can stably oscillate in the coupling cavity are derived, and the coupling cavity oscillating model is built. On the consideration of the mode competition mechanism in the coupling cavity, the effects of different crosstalk (happened between two emitters with different intervals) on the locked spectra are analyzed in detail. The results show that crosstalk leads locked spectra have peak shift, sub-peak, et al. The crosstalk that happened between two closer emitters has a more serious impact on the beam spectrum, combined beam spot, and combining efficiency. The combining efficiencies influenced the 1<sup>st</sup>, 2<sup>nd</sup> and 3<sup>rd</sup> crosstalk are 45.5%, 50.2%, and 63.8%, respectively (When there is no crosstalk, the efficiency is 80.1%). Finally, the results of the theoretical analysis were experimentally verified, and the experimentally observed spectra under the influence of crosstalk show phenomena such as peak degradation, peak shift, edge burrs, and side lobes in spectra, which are consistent with the theoretical predictions. Moreover, according to the results obtained by simulation analysis and experimental verification, it is found that crosstalk can be suppressed to a certain extent by increasing the spacing of emitters, and the Galileo telescope system is suggested to suppress crosstalk and optimize the spectral structure and beam combining efficiency. Compared with the Kepler telescope structure, the Galileo telescope does not have a real focal point, which can prevent the local power from being too high, thereby damaging the optical components.
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