Light-Driven and Metal–Organic Framework Synergetic Loaded DNA Tetrahedral Amplifier for Exonuclease III-Powered All-in-One Biosensing and Chemotherapy in Live Biosystems

Abstract

As a result of inaccurate biosensing and difficult synergetic loading, it is challenging to further impel DNA amplifiers to perform therapeutic application. Herein, we introduce some innovative solutions. First, a smart light-driven biosensing concept based on embedding nucleic acid modules with a simple photocleavagelinker is proposed. In this system, the target identification component is exposed on irradiation with ultraviolet light, thus avoiding an always-on biosensing response during biological delivery. Further, in addition to providing controlled spatiotemporal behavior and precise biosensing information, a metal−organic framework is used for the synergetic loading of doxorubicin in the internal pores, whereafter a rigid DNA tetrahedron-sustained exonuclease III-powered biosensing system is attached to prevent drug leakage and enhance resistance to enzymatic degradation. By selecting a next-generation breast cancer correlative noncoding microRNA biomarker (miRNA-21) as a model low-abundance analyte, a highly sensitive in vitro detection ability even allowing to distinguish single-base mismatching is demonstrated. Moreover, the all-in-one DNA amplifier shows excellent bioimaging competence and good chemotherapy efficacy in live biosystems. These findings will drive research into the use of DNA amplifiers in diagnosis and therapy integrated fields.

Remotely Activated DNA Probe System for the Detection and Imaging of Dual miRNAs

“…To overcome these shortcomings, considerable DNA-based miRNA detection methods have been developed. − To enhance performance, the construction of stimulus-responsive DNA nanoplatforms is crucial for the accurate detection and imaging of miRNAs. Triggers such as enzymes, pH, and metal ions are developed to have more precise control of the system. − Light is frequently utilized as an effective tool for various regulations because it can be simply and accurately regulated, allowing for exact modulation of biosensor activity. − Once it reaches the target location, it can be selectively activated to monitor miRNA with great precision.…”

“…It has been employed for miRNA detection, ,, subcellular organelle targeting, and imaging using intracellular cues ,, such as H + , endonuclease, membrane proteins, logic-gated sensor designs, tumor therapy, and so on. The concept was further extended to other combinations of materials, such as SiO 2 , AuNPs, or MOFs for biomarker detection. UCNPs have shown exceptional photostability as well as good biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity, combined with robust molecular probes for biological imaging and molecular detection.…”

Near-Infrared Light-Powered and DNA Nanocage-Confined Catalytic Hairpin Assembly Nanobiosensor with a Nucleic Acid Restriction Behavior and Reinforced Enzymatic Resistance for Robust Imaging Assay in Live Biosystems

“…Therefore, the determined fluorescence information encounters difficulty in accurately reflecting the actual concentration of the sensing analytes. However, it is fortunate that novel light powering offers a viable solution. − Explicitly, this notion entails the straightforward insertion of a photoinduced cleavage bond (PC bond), derived from an O-nitrobenzyl compound, into the analyte-binding unit. Consequently, external 365 nm ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation takes on the role of the consequent analyte binding, thus enabling an entirely controllable sensing event.…”