Light-driven high-precision cell adhesion kinetics

Abstract

Existing single-cell adhesion kinetics methods are performed under conditions highly unlike the physiological cell adhesion conditions. Now, researchers have developed a new optical technique for high-precision measurement of cell lateral adhesion kinetics in complex clinical samples.

Multimodal Optothermal Manipulations along Various Surfaces

“…The capability to precisely manipulate single cells plays a critical role in fundamental studies in cellular biology. For instance, the controllable translation and rotation of cells can be utilized as single-cell assays to investigate cell–cell interactions and receptor–ligand binding for immunotherapy. ,, Indirect manipulations of cells using a microparticle trapped by optical tweezers have been developed to reduce the optical power requested for optical manipulation of cells . However, the optical rotation of single cells is still extremely challenging.…”

Optothermal rotation of micro-/nano-objects

“…However, the existing single-cell adhesion kinetics measurements can only give qualitative results since they are usually performed under conditions far away from the in situ physiological environments. 131 For instance, in the study of SARS-CoV-2's entry into host cells, the difference in measured affinities of ACE2: S1 (the key parameter for infection) can be as large as one order of magnitude among different methods. For instance, the affinity measured by surface plasmon resonance assay is ~15nM 132 while that by the atomic force microscopy assay is ~120 nM 133 .…”

Electric field-mediated adhesive dynamics of cells inside bio-functionalised microchannels offers important cues for active control of cell–substrate adhesion

“…It has been reported that dcEFs may alter the local intracellular calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) concentrations by affecting the influx and efflux of Ca 2+ from the anodal and cathodal sides of the cell, eventually giving rise to certain 'push-pull' effects, which impacts cellular migratory features. 27 However, despite a plethora of reported theoretical 7,16,19,23,28,29 and experimental findings on the attachment-detachment dynamics of rolling cells 7,[30][31][32][33][34] under pressure-driven fluid flows, the resulting findings cannot be readily extrapolated to decipher the role of electric field-mediated interactions in the same, as attributable to a complex interplay between the electric field, fluid flow and the cellular migration that cannot be trivially decoupled.…”