Light-driven micro/nanomotors in biomedical applications

Zeng, Xuejiao; Yang, Mingzhu; Liu, Hua; Zhang, Zhenzhong; Hu, Yurong; Shi, Jinjin; Wang, Zhi-Hao

doi:10.1039/d3nr03760f

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 214 publications

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“…Furthermore, nanometer-scale motors can efficiently harness light energy due to their higher surface area, resulting in a greater energy conversion efficiency. The fabrication of nanoscale devices generally requires less material compared to macroscale devices, resulting in lower resource consumption [ 75 ].…”

Section: Propulsion Optimization Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The application of LDSM in cleaning biological surfaces, such as removing bacterial biofilms, has also been explored. Light-controlled mobility could be harnessed to reach specific areas and perform cleaning tasks [ 75 ]. Less common but also important is the exploitation of LDSM as contrast agents in biological imaging techniques, where their mobility could provide additional information about specific areas [ 9 ].…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Light-Driven Semiconductor-Based Micro/Nanomotors: Optimization Strategies and Emerging Applications

Ferreira,

Azenha

2024

Molecules

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Micro/nanomotors represent a burgeoning field of research featuring small devices capable of autonomous movement in liquid environments through catalytic reactions and/or external stimuli. This review delves into recent advancements in light-driven semiconductor-based micro/nanomotors (LDSM), focusing on optimized syntheses, enhanced motion mechanisms, and emerging applications in the environmental and biomedical domains. The survey commences with a theoretical introduction to micromotors and their propulsion mechanisms, followed by an exploration of commonly studied LDSM, emphasizing their advantages. Critical properties affecting propulsion, such as surface features, morphology, and size, are presented alongside discussions on external conditions related to light sources and intensity, which are crucial for optimizing the propulsion speed. Each property is accompanied by a theoretical background and conclusions drawn up to 2018. The review further investigates recent adaptations of LDSM, uncovering underlying mechanisms and associated benefits. A brief discussion is included on potential synergistic effects between different external conditions, aiming to enhance efficiency—a relatively underexplored topic. In conclusion, the review outlines emerging applications in biomedicine and environmental monitoring/remediation resulting from recent LDSM research, highlighting the growing significance of this field. The comprehensive exploration of LDSM advancements provides valuable insights for researchers and practitioners seeking to leverage these innovative micro/nanomotors in diverse applications.

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Section: Propulsion Optimization Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Light-Driven Semiconductor-Based Micro/Nanomotors: Optimization Strategies and Emerging Applications

Ferreira,

Azenha

2024

Molecules

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“…The small size and precise motion control of nanorobots enable rapid internalization by targeted cells [128]. Nanorobots can serve as photo-responsive agents to induce phototherapy at the cellular level, showing promising potential to maximize the therapeutic outcomes of phototherapy while minimizing unwanted side effects to normal tissues.…”

Section: Photo-based Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomous Nanorobots as Miniaturized Surgeons for Intracellular Applications

Tang,

Peng,

et al. 2024

Nanomaterials

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Artificial nanorobots have emerged as promising tools for a wide range of biomedical applications, including biosensing, detoxification, and drug delivery. Their unique ability to navigate confined spaces with precise control extends their operational scope to the cellular or subcellular level. By combining tailored surface functionality and propulsion mechanisms, nanorobots demonstrate rapid penetration of cell membranes and efficient internalization, enhancing intracellular delivery capabilities. Moreover, their robust motion within cells enables targeted interactions with intracellular components, such as proteins, molecules, and organelles, leading to superior performance in intracellular biosensing and organelle-targeted cargo delivery. Consequently, nanorobots hold significant potential as miniaturized surgeons capable of directly modulating cellular dynamics and combating metastasis, thereby maximizing therapeutic outcomes for precision therapy. In this review, we provide an overview of the propulsion modes of nanorobots and discuss essential factors to harness propulsive energy from the local environment or external power sources, including structure, material, and engine selection. We then discuss key advancements in nanorobot technology for various intracellular applications. Finally, we address important considerations for future nanorobot design to facilitate their translation into clinical practice and unlock their full potential in biomedical research and healthcare.

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“…The driving force of MNMs has multiple sources, mainly categorized as chemical energy-driven, such as the commonly used hydrogen peroxide propulsion, physically driven by external fields like light field, , magnetic field, , acoustic field, and electric field, and biocatalytically driven by enzymes such as catalase, glucose oxidase, urease, etc. The scientific community has mostly focused on the application research of MNMs in the biomedical field, , with applications in the food sector needing further supplementation and expansion. Therefore, through self-propelled motor technology, efficient loading and targeted release of biologically active substances can be achieved in food, thereby improving their bioavailability and stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharide-Based Micro/Nanomotors for Active Ingredient Delivery in Food

Wang,

Lin,

Zhang

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Micro/nanomotors (MNMs) are miniature devices that can generate energy through chemical reactions or physical processes, utilizing this energy for movement. By virtue of their small size, self-propulsion, precise positioning within a small range, and ability to access microenvironments, MNMs have been applied in various fields including sensing, biomedical applications, and pollutant adsorption. However, the development of food-grade MNMs and their application in food delivery systems have been scarcely reported. Currently, there are various issues with the decomposition, oxidation, or inability to maintain the activity of some nutrients or bioactive substances, such as the limited application of curcumin (Cur) in food. Compared to traditional delivery systems, MNMs can adjust the transport speed and direction as needed, effectively protecting bioactive substances during delivery and achieving efficient transportation. Therefore, this study utilizes polysaccharides as the substrate, employing a simple, rapid, and pollution-free template method to prepare polysaccharide-based microtubes (PMTs) and polysaccharide-based micro/nanomotors (PMNMs). PMNMs can achieve multifunctional propulsion by modifying ferrosoferric oxide (Fe3O4), platinum (Pt), and glucose oxidase (GOx). Fe-PMNMs and Pt-PMNMs exhibit excellent photothermal conversion performance, showing promise for applications in photothermal therapy. Moreover, PMNMs can effectively deliver curcumin, achieving the effective delivery of nutrients and exerting the anti-inflammatory performance of the system.

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Light-driven micro/nanomotors in biomedical applications

Abstract: This review provides inspiration and promotes the clinical application of light-driven micro/nanomotors in the biomedical field.

Cited by 8 publications

References 214 publications

Recent Advances in Light-Driven Semiconductor-Based Micro/Nanomotors: Optimization Strategies and Emerging Applications

Recent Advances in Light-Driven Semiconductor-Based Micro/Nanomotors: Optimization Strategies and Emerging Applications

Autonomous Nanorobots as Miniaturized Surgeons for Intracellular Applications

Polysaccharide-Based Micro/Nanomotors for Active Ingredient Delivery in Food

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