Light Guiding by Effective Gauge Field for Photons

Lin, Qiang; Fan, Shanhui

doi:10.1103/physrevx.4.031031

Cited by 92 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The concept is based on imparting a suitable form of momentum biasing that breaks time-reversal symmetry, achieved with mechanical motion or with spatiotemporal modulation (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). In this paper, for the first time to our knowledge, we apply these concepts to emitting/absorbing systems, showing that it is possible to realize magnetic-free nonreciprocal structures that can emit without absorbing from the same direction over a broad frequency range.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking temporal symmetries for emission and absorption

Hadad

Soric

Alù

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

260

177

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Time-reversal symmetries impose stringent constraints on emission and absorption. Antennas, from radiofrequencies to optics, are bound to transmit and receive signals equally well from the same direction, making a directive antenna prone to receive echoes and reflections. Similarly, in thermodynamics Kirchhoff's law dictates that the absorptivity and emissivity are bound to be equal in reciprocal systems at equilibrium, e(ω, θ) = a(ω, θ), with important consequences for thermal management and energy applications. This bound requires that a good absorber emits a portion of the absorbed energy back to the source, limiting its overall efficiency. Recent works have shown that weak time modulation or mechanical motion in suitably designed structures may largely break reciprocity and time-reversal symmetry. Here we show theoretically and experimentally that a spatiotemporally modulated device can be designed to have drastically different emission and absorption properties. The proposed concept may provide significant advances for compact and efficient radiofrequency communication systems, as well as for energy harvesting and thermal management when translated to infrared frequencies.

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confidence: 99%

Breaking temporal symmetries for emission and absorption

Hadad

Soric

Alù

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

260

177

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“…A spatially varying profile of this shifting introduces a pseudomagnetic field that bends light in real space, in a similar fashion to a magnetic field bending electron motion. Such a mechanism in bending light has a very different nature to the usual light bending from an index gradient, leading to a series of unconventional optical phenomena, including one-way photonic edge states, photonic Landau levels, and alternative ways to achieve negative refraction and waveguiding [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Apart from various existing schemes for realizing such a pseudomagnetic field through the introduction of either spatial or temporal asymmetry into the mutual coupling within an array of resonators, it has been recently shown that such a pseudomagnetic field can be captured simply in terms of effective medium parameters, which can then be realized using metamaterials [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invisibility cloaking using pseudomagnetic field for photon

Horsley

2017

Phys. Rev. B

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A cylindrical cloak can be interpreted as a controlled mirage upon a transformation from cylindrical to planar stratified layers. Here, we show that such mirage can be obtained using a pseudomagnetic field instead of a gradient index profile, thus enabling an alternative route towards invisibility cloaking. While working equivalently to a conventional cloak, the asymmetry of light bending direction from a pseudomagnetic field enables the cloak to demonstrate an asymmetric transmission property subject to a truncation of the materials near the inner surface of the cloak. Furthermore, such an asymmetry allows us to design transformation optical devices, such as a one-way retroreflector, with asymmetric transmission.

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“…A results in a new system as described by a dispersion relation ω(k − A) 17,40 . For the system above, by applying a change of the gauge potential:…”

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confidence: 99%