Light-harvesting multi-walled carbon nanotubes and CdS hybrids: Application to photocatalytic hydrogen production from water

Kim, Young Kwang; Park, Hyunwoong

doi:10.1039/c0ee00330a

Cited by 268 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…[5,31] There are also two smaller peaks at binding energies of approximately 72.8 and 75.8 eV, possibly caused by partially oxidized Pt. It has been reported that Pt on metal oxides interacts with the oxide through PtÀO bonds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…[1] Among the various catalysts studied, CdS has attracted attention because of its tunable morphology, unique electronic and optical properties, adjustable band gaps, and effective response to visible light, which constitutes 44 % of solar light. [2][3][4][5] The separation efficiency of photoinduced electrons and holes is a key factor that determines the performance of CdS in photocatalytic H 2 evolution. [1][2][3][6][7][8] One strategy to promote charge separation is to use CdS of smaller sizes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cadmium Sulfide Quantum Dots Supported on Gallium and Indium Oxide for Visible‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution from Water

et al. 2014

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In this work, CdS quantum dots (QDs) supported on Ga2O3 and In2O3 are applied for visible-light-driven H2 evolution from aqueous solutions that contain lactic acid. With Pt as the cocatalyst, the H2 evolution rates on CdS/Pt/Ga2O3 and CdS/Pt/In2O3 are as high as 995.8 and 1032.2 μmol h(-1), respectively, under visible light (λ>420 nm) with apparent quantum efficiencies of 43.6 and 45.3% obtained at 460 nm, respectively. These are much higher than those on Pt/CdS (108.09 μmol h(-1)), Pt/Ga2O3 (0.12 μmol h(-1)), and Pt/In2O3 (0.05 μmol h(-1)). The photocatalysts have been characterized thoroughly and their band structures and photocurrent responses have been measured. The band alignment between the CdS QDs and In2O3 can lead to interfacial charge separation, which cannot occur between the CdS QDs and Ga2O3. Among the various possible factors that contribute to the high H2 evolution rates on CdS/Pt/oxide, the surface properties of the metal oxides play important roles, which include (i) the anchoring of CdS QDs and Pt nanoparticles for favorable interactions and (ii) the efficient trapping of photogenerated electrons from the CdS QDs because of surface defects (such as oxygen defects) based on photoluminescence and photocurrent studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium Sulfide Quantum Dots Supported on Gallium and Indium Oxide for Visible‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution from Water

et al. 2014

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“…Photocatalytic H 2 evolution from water splitting, which directly converts solar energy into clean chemical energy without pollution, has attracted much attention [6][7][8][9][10][11]. Since the pioneering work discovered by Fujishima and Honda [12], there has been considerable development in the design and construction of highly-efficient semiconductor photocatalysts, such as TiO 2 [13][14][15][16], ZnO [19][20][21], CdS [22][23][24][25][26][27], etc. Among them, due to the moderate band gap of 2.4 eV and the suitable positions of valence band and conduction band, CdS has attracted increasing attention for photocatalytic H 2 evolution from water splitting [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational design of CdS@ZnO core-shell structure via atomic layer deposition for drastically enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution with excellent photostability

et al. 2017

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Rational design of CdS@ZnO core-shell structure via atomic layer deposition for drastically enhanced photocatalytic H evolution with excellent photostability, Nano Energy, http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.nanoen.2017.06.047 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. number of deposition cycles, and the obtained CdS@ZnO with 100 ALD deposition cycles displays the optimal photocatalytic H 2 evolution rate of 11.36 mmol/g/h. WhenPt and PdS are used as the co-catalysts, the H 2 evolution rates are further enhanced to 71.39 and 98.82 mmol/g/h, respectively, which are 4.1 and 5.7 times higher than the highest reported value (17.40 mmol/g/h) among CdS-ZnO catalyst systems. Detailed characterization reveals that the drastically enhanced photocatalytic activity can be attributed to not only efficient space separation of the photo-induced electrons and holes resulted from the formation of a direct Z-scheme photocatalytic system between crystalline ZnO and CdS, but also the intimate contact at molecular scale between the two semiconductors. Due to the coverage of ALD-prepared crystalline ZnO shell on CdS core, the CdS@ZnO core-shell structures exhibit excellent photostability. Graphical abstract3 / 31

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“…For such electron transfer, carbon materials should have intrinsically larger work functions than TiO 2 (i.e., more positive energy level than TiO 2 conduction band) and high electron mobility (i.e., electrical conductivity). It was reported that carbon materials have similar work functions with 4.8-5.05 eV, 60 energetically capable of receiving photogenerated electrons from TiO 2 (work function of conduction band ca. 4.0 eV).…”

Section: 57mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Catalytic Effects of Carbon Materials on the Photocatalytic Reduction and Oxidation Reactions of TiO₂

Khan¹,

Kim²,

Choi³

et al. 2013

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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TiO 2 composites with seven different carbon materials (activated carbons, graphite, carbon fibers, singlewalled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, graphene oxides, and reduced graphene oxides) that are virgin or treated with nitric acid are prepared through an evaporation method. The photocatalytic activities of the as-prepared samples are evaluated in terms of H 2 production from aqueous methanol solution (photocatalytic reduction: PCR) and degradation of aqueous pollutants (phenol, methylene blue, and rhodamine B) (photocatalytic oxidation: PCO) under AM 1.5-light irradiation. Despite varying effects depending on the kinds of carbon materials and their surface treatment, composites typically show enhanced PCR activity with maximum 50 times higher H 2 production as compared to bare TiO 2 . Conversely, the carbon-induced synergy effects on PCO activities are insignificant for all three substrates. Colorimetric quantification of hydroxyl radicals supports the absence of carbon effects. However, platinum deposition on the binary composites displays the enhanced effect on both PCR and PCO reactions. These differing effects of carbon materials on PCR and PCO reactions of TiO 2 are discussed in terms of physicochemical properties of carbon materials, coupling states of TiO 2 /carbon composites, interfacial charge transfers. Various surface characterizations of composites (UV-Vis diffuse reflectance, SEM, FTIR, surface area, electrical conductivity, and photoluminescence) are performed to gain insight on their photocatalytic redox behaviors.

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Light-harvesting multi-walled carbon nanotubes and CdS hybrids: Application to photocatalytic hydrogen production from water

Cited by 268 publications

References 44 publications

Cadmium Sulfide Quantum Dots Supported on Gallium and Indium Oxide for Visible‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution from Water

Cadmium Sulfide Quantum Dots Supported on Gallium and Indium Oxide for Visible‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution from Water

Rational design of CdS@ZnO core-shell structure via atomic layer deposition for drastically enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution with excellent photostability

Evaluating the Catalytic Effects of Carbon Materials on the Photocatalytic Reduction and Oxidation Reactions of TiO₂

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Light-harvesting multi-walled carbon nanotubes and CdS hybrids: Application to photocatalytic hydrogen production from water

Cited by 268 publications

References 44 publications

Cadmium Sulfide Quantum Dots Supported on Gallium and Indium Oxide for Visible‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution from Water

Cadmium Sulfide Quantum Dots Supported on Gallium and Indium Oxide for Visible‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution from Water

Rational design of CdS@ZnO core-shell structure via atomic layer deposition for drastically enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution with excellent photostability

Evaluating the Catalytic Effects of Carbon Materials on the Photocatalytic Reduction and Oxidation Reactions of TiO2

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Evaluating the Catalytic Effects of Carbon Materials on the Photocatalytic Reduction and Oxidation Reactions of TiO₂