Light-intensity and thickness dependent efficiency of planar perovskite solar cells: charge recombination<i>versus</i>extraction

Du, Tao; Xu, Weidong; Xu, Shiyu; Ratnasingham, Sinclair R.; Lin, Chieh‐Ting; Kim, Jinhyun; Briscoe, Joe; McLachlan, Martyn A.; Durrant, James R.

doi:10.1039/d0tc03390a

Cited by 101 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…By mediating ionic and/or electronic defects, the aerosol treatment allows for use of thick absorber layers that can improve light harvesting. [ 56 ] This not only gives rise to higher PCE of the champion device but is also favorable for large‐scale manufacturing of PSCs, for example, printing, where thicker absorber layers are typically employed to overcome associated defects such as pinholes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol Assisted Solvent Treatment: A Universal Method for Performance and Stability Enhancements in Perovskite Solar Cells

Ratnasingham

Kosasih

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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Metal‐halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have had a transformative impact on the renewable energy landscape since they were first demonstrated just over a decade ago. Outstanding improvements in performance have been demonstrated through structural, compositional, and morphological control of devices, with commercialization now being a reality. Here the authors present an aerosol assisted solvent treatment as a universal method to obtain performance and stability enhancements in PSCs, demonstrating their methodology as a convenient, scalable, and reproducible post‐deposition treatment for PSCs. Their results identify improvements in crystallinity and grain size, accompanied by a narrowing in grain size distribution as the underlying physical changes that drive reductions of electronic and ionic defects. These changes lead to prolonged charge‐carrier lifetimes and ultimately increased device efficiencies. The versatility of the process is demonstrated for PSCs with thick (>1 µm) active layers, large‐areas (>1 cm2) and a variety of device architectures and active layer compositions. This simple post‐deposition process is widely transferable across the field of perovskites, thereby improving the future design principles of these materials to develop large‐area, stable, and efficient PSCs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol Assisted Solvent Treatment: A Universal Method for Performance and Stability Enhancements in Perovskite Solar Cells

Ratnasingham

Kosasih

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…For example, changing the thickness of bulk perovskites is typically accompanied by changes in grain size, surface morphology, and phase purity. [ 23,24 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Trap‐Assisted Triplet Generation in Lead Halide Perovskite Sensitized Solid‐State Upconversion

et al. 2021

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Photon upconversion via triplet–triplet annihilation (TTA) has promise for overcoming the Shockley–Queisser limit for single‐junction solar cells by allowing the utilization of sub‐bandgap photons. Recently, bulk perovskites have been employed as sensitizers in solid‐state upconversion devices to circumvent poor exciton diffusion in previous nanocrystal (NC)‐sensitized devices. However, an in‐depth understanding of the underlying photophysics of perovskite‐sensitized triplet generation is still lacking due to the difficulty of precisely controlling interfacial properties of fully solution‐processed devices. In this study, interfacial properties of upconversion devices are adjusted by a mild surface solvent treatment, specifically altering perovskite surface properties without perturbing the bulk perovskite. Thermal evaporation of the annihilator precludes further solvent contamination. Counterintuitively, devices with more interfacial traps show brighter upconversion. Approximately an order of magnitude difference in upconversion brightness is observed across different interfacial solvent treatments. Sequential charge transfer and interfacial trap‐assisted triplet sensitization are demonstrated by comparing upconversion performance, transient photoluminescence dynamics, and magnetic field dependence of the devices. Incomplete triplet conversion from transferred charges and consequent triplet‐charge annihilation (TCA) are also observed. The observations highlight the importance of interfacial control and provide guidance for further design and optimization of upconversion devices using perovskites or other semiconductors as sensitizers.

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“…When the F2-P3CT-Na solution is used, there are two slopes in the light intensity-FF curve of the MAPbI 3 solar cell. The FF slightly increases from 76.8 to 79.9% with a decrease in the sunlight intensity from 100 to 20 mW/cm 2 due to the lower carrier recombination at the interfaces for thicker MAPbI 3 layers [ 31 ]. It is noted that the FF significantly increases from 79.9 to 84.7% with a decrease in the sunlight intensity from 20 to 5 mW/cm 2 , which can be explained due to the MA dipoles-mediated carrier transportation behavior [ 32 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

19% Efficient P3CT-Na Based MAPbI3 Solar Cells with a Simple Double-Filtering Process

Chiang

Ke²,

Chandel³

et al. 2021

Polymers

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A high-efficiency inverted-type CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) solar cell was fabricated by using a ultrathin poly[3-(4-carboxybutyl)thiophene-2,5-diyl]-Na (P3CT-Na) film as the hole transport layer. The averaged power conversion efficiency (PCE) can be largely increased from 11.72 to 18.92% with a double-filtering process of the P3CT-Na solution mainly due to the increase in short-circuit current density (JSC) from 19.43 to 23.88 mA/cm2, which means that the molecular packing structure of P3CT-Na thin film can influence the formation of the MAPbI3 thin film and the contact quality at the MAPbI3/P3CT-Na interface. Zeta potentials, atomic-force microscopic images, absorbance spectra, photoluminescence spectra, X-ray diffraction patterns, and Raman scattering spectra are used to understand the improvement in the JSC. Besides, the light intensity-dependent and wavelength-dependent photovoltaic performance of the MAPbI3 solar cells shows that the P3CT-Na thin film is not only used as the hole transport layer but also plays an important role during the formation of a high-quality MAPbI3 thin film. It is noted that the PCE values of the best P3CT-Na based MAPbI3 solar cell are higher than 30% in the yellow-to-near infrared wavelength range under low light intensities. On the other hand, it is predicted that the double-filtering method can be readily used to increase the PCE of polymer based solar cells.

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Light-intensity and thickness dependent efficiency of planar perovskite solar cells: charge recombinationversusextraction

Abstract: The thickness of the photoactive layer is a key parameter for optimization of photovoltaic power conversion efficiency (PCE), yet its impact on charge extraction and recombination hasn’t been fully understood...

Cited by 101 publications

References 55 publications

Aerosol Assisted Solvent Treatment: A Universal Method for Performance and Stability Enhancements in Perovskite Solar Cells

Aerosol Assisted Solvent Treatment: A Universal Method for Performance and Stability Enhancements in Perovskite Solar Cells

Interfacial Trap‐Assisted Triplet Generation in Lead Halide Perovskite Sensitized Solid‐State Upconversion

19% Efficient P3CT-Na Based MAPbI3 Solar Cells with a Simple Double-Filtering Process

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