Light Interception and Utilization by Orchard Systems

Jackson, John E.

doi:10.1002/9781118060759.ch5

Cited by 169 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…A few attempts have been made to relate this concept to fig (Kumar et al, 2014;Hosomi et al, 2013;Mano et al, 2011). The light interception by the tree canopy is determined by tree spacing, canopy density and height (Jackson, 1980). Due to variations in light intensity in different parts of the tree crown, the photosynthesis within the crown is expected to decrease rapidly with increasing depth of foliage (Kozlowski, 1992).…”

Section: Issn: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 6 (2017) Pp 2603-2610mentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Fig (Ficus carica L.) Under Different Planting Densities

Chithiraichelvan¹,

Kurian²,

Awachare³

et al. 2017

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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Section: Issn: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 6 (2017) Pp 2603-2610mentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Fig (Ficus carica L.) Under Different Planting Densities

Chithiraichelvan¹,

Kurian²,

Awachare³

et al. 2017

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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“…이와 같은 문제를 해결하기 위해 포도 품종별 수체 특성에 따른 여러 수형이 연구되고 있으나 (Gladstone and Dokoozlian, 2003;Jackson, 1980 (Fig. 3).…”

Section: 우리나라의 포도 재배는 생식용으로의 생산이 대부분으unclassified

Growth and Fruit Characteristics of ‘Cheongsoo’ Grape in Different Trellis Systems

Kim¹,

Park²,

Jung³

et al. 2014

HST

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Trellising is an important cultural practice that affects grape quality and yield. Some grape cultivars require different trellising under different climate and soil conditions. To find suitable trellis conditions for grape cultivar 'Cheongsoo', we measured growth and fruit characteristics with three different trellis systems: curtain, Geneva double curtain (GDC), and modified T. The maximum light exposure of clusters in the curtain, GDC, modified T trellis systems was 670, 1,654, and 1,649 μmol･m -2 ･s -1 , respectively. However, there was no difference in air temperature among the three trellis systems. Net CO2 assimilation rate at 1,500 μmol･m -2 ･s -1 light intensity was 13.4, 13.7, and 8.7 μmol･m -2 ･s -1 in curtain, GDC, and modified T trellis systems, respectively. Trunk cross section area (TCSA) and bud burst rate were not significantly different among the three systems. Shoot number was 31.3, 47.0, and 37.0 in curtain, GDC, and modified T trellis systems, respectively. The shoot length was higher (243.9 cm) in the modified T trellis system than in the single curtain (171.1 cm) and GDC (151.5 cm) systems. Interior leaf number and leaf layer number were higher in the GDC system, in which there are two primary branches, in comparison to the modified T and curtain systems, which utilize one primary branch. Primary leaf area and lateral leaf area were significantly higher in the modified T trellis system in comparison to the GDC system. Berry weight, length and diameter, and total soluble solids were not significantly different among the three trellis systems. However, cluster weight and cluster number per tree were significantly higher in GDC. Titratable acidity was significantly lower in GDC. Collectively, our data suggest that the GDC trellis system is preferable for grape 'Cheongsoo' to maintain fruit quality and quantity in Korea.Additional key words: curtain, fruit cluster number, fruit weight, Geneva double curtain, modified T trellis *Corresponding author: fizzfizz@korea.kr † These authors contributed equally to this work.※ Received

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“…However, increasing planting density alone does not provide an efficient tool to increase yield and improve fruit quality, as planting density and yield are not linearly related and a threshold can be found beyond which a further increase in density may not result in greater yield (Sansavini and Corelli-Grappadelli, 1997). Indeed, with age high-density orchards may pose serious problems for canopy management and ultimately compromise fruit quality (Jackson, 1980;Sansavini and Corelli-Grappadelli, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Small Vase and Y-Trellis Orchard Systems for Peach and Nectarine Production in Mediterranean Regions

Caruso¹,

Bianco²,

Marra³

et al. 2015

Acta Hortic.

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Two peach planting systems, Small Vase (SV) and Y-trellis (Y), were evaluated and compared in the Mediterranean settings of Southern Italy. The two orchards were located next to each other on relatively uniform soil and terrain, and the observations included two peach (Rich May and Summer Rich) and two nectarine (Big Bang and Nectaross) cultivars. In the SV system, trees were spaced at 4.5 x 2.5 m (888 trees/ha), whereas in the Y system, trees were spaced at 5.5 x 2 m (909 trees/ha) and no roof gap was left between rows. Yield per tree, fruit size grade, unit price of sold peaches for each size grade, materials and labor for cultural management and associated costs, fixed costs at planting, and grower's profit were quantified during the first six years from planting. Fixed costs at planting were twice as much in the Y system, and no significant yield was recorded in the first two years in any of the two systems. Regardless of cultivar, the Y system reported 20% higher yields, 31% greater amount of management labor, and 10% lower labor efficiency (kg fruits/hr) than the SV system. Fruit unit value (euro/kg) was similar in the two systems. Profit varied greatly depending on the cultivar, and only 'Nectaross' generated a greater profit in the Y than the SV system. For this cultivar, the payback period (years needed to pay off the additional investment of establishing a Y trellis by its additional profit) was 2.5 years, indicating an advantage of the Y system over the SV by the 4 th year. The yield gap between the two systems tended to decrease after the 5 th year. The latter trend, along with the high initial investment and management costs in the Y system, suggests better performance and more sustainable productions in the SV than in the Y system.

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Light Interception and Utilization by Orchard Systems

Cited by 169 publications

References 87 publications

Performance of Fig (Ficus carica L.) Under Different Planting Densities

Performance of Fig (Ficus carica L.) Under Different Planting Densities

Growth and Fruit Characteristics of ‘Cheongsoo’ Grape in Different Trellis Systems

Evaluation of Small Vase and Y-Trellis Orchard Systems for Peach and Nectarine Production in Mediterranean Regions

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