Light Microscopy of Geminivirus-Induced Nuclear Inclusion Bodies

Christie, R. G.; Ko, N. J.; Falk, Bryce W.; Hiebert, E.; Lastra, R.; Bird, Julio; Kim, K. S.

doi:10.1094/phyto-76-124

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The result gave the excellent indication of the association of virus with the mosaic infected jute leaf. Conspicuous nuclear inclusions were observed in the mosaic infected jute leaf which is the diagnostic character of geminivirus infection as described by Cristie et al, 1986. Similar inclusions were observed earlier by Schneider (1959) and were interpreted as viral inclusions.…”

Section: Inclusion Bodiessupporting

confidence: 87%

Light Microscopy and PCR Based Detection of the Causal Agent of Leaf Mosaic of Jute

2013

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Leaf mosaic transmitted by whitefly is a devastating disease of jute. It is thought to be caused by a virus belonging to begomovirus genus under geminivirus family. To confirm the identity of the causal agent, infected and healthy leaves were studied using light microscope and by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique of DNA. The inclusion bodies were observed under light microscope as large, blue-violet, prominent inclusion bodies in the nucleus of the infected leaf tissues. In molecular detection technique DNA from infected and healthy plants was extracted and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using degenerate primers PALIv1978/PARIc496. PCR fragment of the expected size 1.2kb for the common region (CR) in the geminivirus were obtained from infected plants. DNA collected from healthy plant did not show any band during electrophoresis. Therefore, it can be concluded that leaf mosaic of jute is cause by a virus.

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Section: Inclusion Bodiessupporting

confidence: 87%

Light Microscopy and PCR Based Detection of the Causal Agent of Leaf Mosaic of Jute

2013

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“…It has been known for several decades that Azure-A stains aggregates/inclusion bodies that could be visualized with the light microscope in the phloem-associated cells of leaves of begomovirus-infected (including TYLCV) susceptible plants ( Christie et al, 1986 ). The role of these aggregates in the process of geminivirus propagation and in the host immune response was intriguing.…”

Section: Tylcv Interactions With Plant Host and Insect Vector Heat Shmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Involvement of Heat Shock Proteins in the Establishment of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Infection

Gorovits

Czosnek

2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a begomovirus, induces protein aggregation in infected tomatoes and in its whitefly vector Bemisia tabaci. The interactions between TYLCV and HSP70 and HSP90 in plants and vectors are necessity for virus infection to proceed. In infected host cells, HSP70 and HSP90 are redistributed from a soluble to an aggregated state. These aggregates contain, together with viral DNA/proteins and virions, HSPs and components of the protein quality control system such as ubiquitin, 26S proteasome subunits, and the autophagy protein ATG8. TYLCV CP can form complexes with HSPs in tomato and whitefly. Nonetheless, HSP70 and HSP90 play different roles in the viral cell cycle in the plant host. In the infected host cell, HSP70, but not HSP90, participates in the translocation of CP from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. Viral amounts decrease when HSP70 is inhibited, but increase when HSP90 is downregulated. In the whitefly vector, HSP70 impairs the circulative transmission of TYLCV; its inhibition increases transmission. Hence, the efficiency of virus acquisition by whiteflies depends on the functionality of both plant chaperones and their cross-talk with other protein mechanisms controlling virus-induced aggregation.

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“…Small, ring-shaped blue-violet, inclusions were also observed in the nuclei of the phloem parenchyma cells. The nuclear inclusions were not observed in stained tissues of non-infected host plants (Christie et al, 1986). Pinner et al, (1990) observed four types of cytoplasmic inclusions induced by maize streak virus and serologically related isolates: crystalline, non-crystalline, sheet-like and open lattice.…”

Section: Cytological Effects Of Geminivirus Replicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fibrillar bodies consists of two structural components with different electron densities: the highly electron-dense beads and the less electrondense matrix (Kim et al, 1986). Light microcopy studies of leaf tissue of plants infected with BGMV and of lima bean golden mosaic, euphorbia mosaic, malvaceous chlorosis, and rhyncosia mosaic begomoviruses revealed nuclear inclusions that appear as large blue-violet bodies when the tissue is stained with azure A (Christie et al, 1986). These inclusions consist of aggregated virus particles.…”

Section: Cytological Effects Of Geminivirus Replicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whitefly- A Strong Transmitter of Plant Viruses

Tiwari

Nema

Khare

2013

Int. J. Phytopathol.

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Bemisia tabaci transmit 111 viruses. The silver leaf/sweet potato whitefly prefers 25°C to 30°C for development and rapid generation time while the greenhouse whitefly prefers temperatures of 20°C to 25°C. Eggs hatch in eight to 10 days. Resistance in B- and Q-biotype of B. tabaci appears to be linked to enhanced oxidative detoxification of neonicotinoids. Transmission efficiency from infected weeds to tomato varied from 66.7 to 100 percent, whereas, from tomato to these weeds varied from 58.3 to 83.3 percent. Increased mortality of biotype Q females and immature instars with lower rate of fecundity and progeny size compared to biotype B was recorded in such population when reared in single or mixed cultures. Two genetic types of B. tabaci were distinguished using RAPD-PCR and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene sequence comparisons. One type was assigned to biotype B and the other was genetically dissimilar to the populations described elsewhere and was named Ms. This new genetic type forms a distinct group that is sister to two other groups, one to which the B biotype is a member and Q bioype have similar values of intra population diversity, which were higher than the values shown by populations of biotype B. Epidemics of begomoviruses have been observed in many crops including tomato for which Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus (TYLCCNV) and Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) have been identified as two major disease-causing agents. The replication of geminiviruses induces micro-structural changes in the nucleus of the host cells. The begomovirus vector B. tabaci is an insect species complex that has geographically distinct phenotypic and genotypic variants. Criniviruses are limited to phloem and are transmitted in nature in a semipersistent manner by whiteflies. The genus Ipomovirus includes viruses that are transmitted by the whitefly B. tabaci in a semipersistent manner. Virus particles occur in the cytoplasm singly or more often in large aggregates which are sometimes banded. The stem necrosis of soybean is caused by a virus of the Carlavirus and transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, also infected beans and identified as Cowpea mild mottle virus. The early symptoms of Tomato torrado virus are necrotic or dead spots, surrounded by a light green or yellow area at the base of the leaflets. The affected areas may fall out, leaving holes (shot holes) in the leaflets. Necrosis and mottling extend to the remainder of the leaves. The article will bring role of whitefly in development of virus diseases in agricultural crops and management strategies could only be achieved when importance of this pest will be eradicated with non-chemical approach.

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Light Microscopy of Geminivirus-Induced Nuclear Inclusion Bodies

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Light Microscopy and PCR Based Detection of the Causal Agent of Leaf Mosaic of Jute

Light Microscopy and PCR Based Detection of the Causal Agent of Leaf Mosaic of Jute

The Involvement of Heat Shock Proteins in the Establishment of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Infection

Whitefly- A Strong Transmitter of Plant Viruses

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