Light olefin transformation over ZSM-5 zeolitesA kinetic model for olefin consumption

C2–C4 light olefins from bioethanol catalyzed by Ce-modified nanocrystalline HZSM-5 zeolite catalysts

“…It is well accepted that for a HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst, the Brön-sted acid sites are the active sites for the dehydration of ethanol and the subsequent reactions of hydrocarbons [6,7,[49][50][51][52][53]. Therefore, it is reasonable that any change on the Brönsted acid sites of catalyst could give rise to changes on the conversion of ethanol and the distribution of products [13][14][15][16][17][31][32][33]45,50,52]. From the results of FT-IR (Figs.…”

“…Except for the products from primary reactions (ethene, diethyl ether, and acetaldehyde), all of the products from secondary reactions are based on the consumption of ethene [45,46], which are catalyzed by acid sites. Therefore, it is comprehensible that the tendency of ethene with time on stream is almost opposite to those of products from secondary reactions (Figs.…”

Kinetic modelling for the transformation of bioethanol into olefins on a hydrothermally stable Ni–HZSM-5 catalyst considering the deactivation by coke

“…Borges et al [39] consider that the kinetic constant of each step is independent of the size of the oligomeric carbocation species. The olefins are transformed by the cracking, isomerization, cyclization, aromatization and hydrogen transfer reactions.…”

Reaction pathway and kinetics of C3–C7 olefin transformation over high-silicon HZSM-5 zeolite at 400–490°C

“…Lin et al [14] found the catalyst acid strength had great effect on the reaction pathways and product distribution for 1-butene over ZSM-5. In a study on C 2 -C 4 olefins, Borges et al [15] found that, though the consumption rate of butene increased, those of ethene and propene decreased with the temperature increasing.…”