LIGHT-REGULATED WD1 and PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR9 Form a Positive Feedback Regulatory Loop in the <i>Arabidopsis</i> Circadian Clock

Wang, Ying; Wu, Jinliang; Nakamichi, Norihito; Sakakibara, Hitoshi; Nam, Hyoryung; Wu, Shu-Hsing

doi:10.1105/tpc.110.081661

Cited by 84 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The amplified fragment was ligated into pJET1.2 blunt cloning vector (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and confirmed by sequencing. The PDH1 promoter fragment was then cloned into pCAB2-LUC2-pCAMBIA1390 (Wang et al, 2011a) containing the pGL4.10-LUC2 (Promega) Luciferase2 sequence. pCAB2-LUC2-pCAMBIA1390 was SalI/PstI digested and gel purified to remove the CAB2 promoter and then ligated with the PstI-PDH1 promoter-SalI fragment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proline coordination with fatty acid synthesis and redox metabolism of chloroplast and mitochondria

et al. 2016

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proline coordination with fatty acid synthesis and redox metabolism of chloroplast and mitochondria

et al. 2016

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“…LWD1 and LWD2, two related WD repeat proteins, directly act as activators of PRR9, PRR5, and TOC1 (Wu et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2011;Fig. 1).…”

Section: A Molecular Framework Of the Circadian Oscillatormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). The lwd1 lwd2 double mutant showed light dosagedependent shorter period phenotypes, suggesting that LWDs also function in the light input pathway to the clock (Wang et al, 2011).…”

Section: A Molecular Framework Of the Circadian Oscillatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Clock and Photoperiodic Flowering in Arabidopsis: CONSTANS Is a Hub for Signal Integration

2016

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Plants sense changes in day length (= photoperiod) as a reliable seasonal cue to regulate important developmental transitions such as flowering. Integration of various external light information into the circadian clock-controlled mechanisms enables plants to precisely measure photoperiod changes in the surrounding environment. The core mechanism of photoperiodic measurement is regulation of CONSTANS (CO) activity, which takes place in phloem companion cells in leaves. Until recently, it remained unclear whether plants possess specific variations of the clock for this regulation. Now it is known that a specific circadian timing mechanism in the vascular tissue is essential for photoperiodic flowering. In addition to spatial tissue-specific regulation, temporal regulation of CO activity is also important. The identification and characterization of multiple regulators that physically interact with CO and influence its function in the morning in long days are two recent advances in photoperiodic regulation of flowering time. It seems that CO acts as a network hub to integrate various external and internal signals into the photoperiodic flowering pathway. CO regulates the amount of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) transcripts and FT protein moves from companion cells of leaf phloem to the shoot apical meristem. The protein that helps long-distance transport of FT protein was also identified recently. Here, we introduce recent advances in tissue-specific variations of the circadian clock and the emerging picture of the intricate connections of transcriptional regulators through CO in the morning, which all facilitate plants knowing when to flower.Properly timing the floral transition is crucial for reproductive success. It can also influence the early development of offspring. To optimize this timing, plants constantly monitor changes in the surrounding environment. Among various environmental factors, observing changes in day length (= photoperiod) is the most reliable way for many organisms to know the specific time of year. Therefore, photoperiodic regulation is one of the major flowering time mechanisms and it has been studied since it was first reported in 1920 (Song et al., 2015). Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), as it flowers mainly in spring, can sense lengthening days to induce flowering and became a suitable model to study photoperiodic flowering regulation. (Andrés and Coupland, 2012;Song et al., 2013;Pajoro et al., 2014;Shim and Imaizumi, 2015).In principle, photoperiodic flowering mechanisms can be divided into three parts: light input, circadian clock, and output. Light information is integrated into innate photoperiodic timing mechanisms governed by the circadian clock to induce genes that trigger flowering.

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“…The oligonucleotides used for qPCR analysis of RbcSA1, PsbS, CHS, and AOS expression were 5#-AATTTCCGGACTTAACGTTTGTTT-3# and 5#-CATCAGACAGTTGAGAATCCGATAGA-3#, 5#-CGGCAAAAACG-TCCGATCCTG-3# and 5#-GTGAACCCAAACAATGGACCTTG-3#, 5#-TCGG-ACCAGGTCTCACTGTTG-3# and 5#-AGGCAAGCGTTCTGTTTAGAGAG-3#, and 5#-GGAGAACTCACGATGGGAGCGATT-3# and 5#-GCGTCGTGGCTTT-CGATAACCAGA-3#, respectively. The oligonucleotides used for qPCR analysis of AAA, BAP1, CCA1, CDKB2.2, FER1, Lhcb1.4, LOX2, MCM5, NodL, PRR5, and ZAT12 expression were described previously (Mockler et al, 2004;Li et al, 2006;Baruah et al, 2009aBaruah et al, , 2009bShultz et al, 2009;Rodríguez et al, 2010;Adhikari et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2011b). We calculated relative mRNA levels using the comparative cycle threshold method (Pfaffl, 2001) or the relative standard curve method according to the manufacturer's recommendations (Applied Biosystems).…”

Section: Analysis Of Gene Expression By Qrt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastids Are Major Regulators of Light Signaling in Arabidopsis

et al. 2012

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We previously provided evidence that plastid signaling regulates the downstream components of a light signaling network and that this signal integration coordinates chloroplast biogenesis with both the light environment and development by regulating gene expression. We tested these ideas by analyzing light-and plastid-regulated transcriptomes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We found that the enrichment of Gene Ontology terms in these transcriptomes is consistent with the integration of light and plastid signaling (1) down-regulating photosynthesis and inducing both repair and stress tolerance in dysfunctional chloroplasts and (2) helping coordinate processes such as growth, the circadian rhythm, and stress responses with the degree of chloroplast function. We then tested whether factors that contribute to this signal integration are also regulated by light and plastid signals by characterizing T-DNA insertion alleles of genes that are regulated by light and plastid signaling and that encode proteins that are annotated as contributing to signaling, transcription, or no known function. We found that a high proportion of these mutant alleles induce chloroplast biogenesis during deetiolation. We quantified the expression of four photosynthesis-related genes in seven of these enhanced deetiolation (end) mutants and found that photosynthesis-related gene expression is attenuated. This attenuation is particularly striking for Photosystem II subunit S expression. We conclude that the integration of light and plastid signaling regulates a number of END genes that help optimize chloroplast function and that at least some END genes affect photosynthesis-related gene expression.

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LIGHT-REGULATED WD1 and PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR9 Form a Positive Feedback Regulatory Loop in the Arabidopsis Circadian Clock

Cited by 84 publications

References 70 publications

Proline coordination with fatty acid synthesis and redox metabolism of chloroplast and mitochondria

Proline coordination with fatty acid synthesis and redox metabolism of chloroplast and mitochondria

Circadian Clock and Photoperiodic Flowering in Arabidopsis: CONSTANS Is a Hub for Signal Integration

Plastids Are Major Regulators of Light Signaling in Arabidopsis

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