“…For example, as claimed by the Global Brand Counterfeiting Report 2018, the total global economic losses from counterfeiting reached $1.2 trillion in 2017 and rocketed to $1.82 trillion in 2020. 1 In response to the severe situation, many security labels, such as topographical markers, 6 luminescent labels, [7][8][9][10] luminescent magnetic labels, [11][12][13] and plasmonic security taggants, 4,14,15 have been developed to protect valuable documents and brands. Among these, luminescence anti-counterfeiting is one of the commercialized techniques with benefits of relatively high photostability, multicolor, facile design, and easy to visualize by eye or read using an authentication tool such as a digital camera or a spectrometer.…”