Light Speed Expansion and Rotation of a Very Dark Machian Universe Having Internal Acceleration

Abstract

We present a Machian model of Quantum Cosmology with full dark matter and light speed expansion and rotation. During galaxy formation and evolution, fraction of dark matter transforms to visible matter with a relation of the form, m_vis = constant * (m_dark) 2/3. Using this relation and replacing MOND's "critical acceleration" with "current cosmic maximum angular acceleration", galactic flat rotation speed range of (50 to 500) km/sec can be fitted well. Estimated flat rotation speeds of DD168, Milky Way and UGC12591 are 49.96 km/sec, 199.66 km/sec and 521.75 km/sec respectively. Based on these striking coincidences, it is possible to say that, MOND's approach is implicitly connected with cosmological estimation of 95% invisible matter. With reference to SPARC data for flat rotation speeds and current cosmic maximum angular acceleration, galactic total mass can be estimated. Considering galactic total mass, galactic visible mass and dark mass can be estimated. Proceeding further, galactic working radii, angular velocity and visible matter density can be estimated. Estimated Milky Way's effective radius is 293 kpc. Even though, this model is free from "big bang", "inflation", "dark energy", "flatness" and "red shift" issues, at 2.722 K, estimated present Hubble parameter is 66.24 km/sec/Mpc, cosmic radius is 146.3 times of the Hubble radius, angular velocity is 146.3 times lower than the Hubble parameter and cosmic age is 146.3 times of the Hubble age. With future observations and advanced telescopes, it may be possible to see far distant galaxies and very old stars far beyond the current observable cosmic radius.

White Hole Cosmology - One Best Alternative for Standard Cosmology

“…Clearly speaking, expansion of the universe is such that the velocity at which a distant galaxy is receding from the observer is continuously increasing with time. It can be understood in the following way [20,22].…”

“…Here we would like to appeal the point that, by modifying the basic definition of cosmic red shift, considering 'speed of light' [15,16,17] as an absolute cosmic expansion rate and adopting 'Planck mass' as the basic seed of the observed large scale universe, it is certainly possible to review and revise the basic picture of 'standard cosmology' and in near future, a perfect model of 'white hole cosmology' can be developed [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] with a positive curvature and rotation. In this context we have developed five assumptions.…”

“…But, based on assumption 4, relation between galactic dark mass and visible mass is not linear and magnitude of galactic dark mass is proportional to Based on this idea, 1) Observed low dark matter content of NGC1052-DF2 and NGC1052-DF4 can be understood[30,31]. 2) Very recent studies conducted on super spiral galaxies with Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) suggest[20,21,22,38] high rotation speeds in the range of (240 to 570) km/sec indicating a dynamical mass range of  …”

Integrated Machian Model of a Light Speed Rotating Universe

“…Assumption-2: Right from the beginning of Planck scale, at any stage of cosmic expansion, gravitational self energy density and thermal energy density are equal in magnitude [7,11,12]. Its results are,…”

“…In this short report, with reference to life cycle of living creatures, un-quantified pre and post physical conditions of 'big bang' [2], unidentified reasons pertaining to presumed exponential expansion in cosmic size associated with inflation [3,4], unaccounted exponential increase in cosmic time associated with presumed cosmic inflation and independent of redshift data, we have taken an initiative in developing a quantum model of cosmology associated with Machian universe having Planck scale origin, total dark matter, light speed expansion, light speed rotation, equality of gravitational self energy density and thermal energy density, radially decreasing internal acceleration and radially increasing anisotropy. We have elaborately explained our views in recently published papers [5,6,7]. Readers are encouraged to go through.…”