Lightning deaths and injuries in the Brazilian Amazon Region in the period of 2009-2019

Ferreira, Ederlan de Souza; Leal, Adonis F. R.; Matos, Wendler Luis Nogueira; Almeida, Gabriel O.; Shinkai, Ricardo; Lopes, Marcio N.G.

doi:10.1109/sipda47030.2019.9004485

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Uniaxial perfectly matched layer (UPML) [18], [15] was used to truncate the analysis region. To simulate the lightning discharge impinging on the vessel, a FDTD model was conceived with a wooden structure and a metallic roof, based on the description in [4]. The dimensions of the boat modeled in the simulations are given in Fig.…”

Section: ) Fdtd Representation Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, we extend the analyses of Ferreira et al [4] regarding the case study and include a survey regarding lightning safety in boats in the Amazon Region rivers (see the Appendix) to understand if the locals are aware of how dangerous lightning can be. Additionally, for the first time, we perform a numerical study of the electric fields inside the watercraft due to a direct lightning strike to assess risks to which passengers are subjected to.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Lightning Protection Design for Small Riverboats Using the FDTD Method

Leal

Oliveira

Lopes

et al. 2021

J. Microw. Optoelectron. Electromagn. Appl.

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The Amazon region has high lightning occurrence rates, with many lightning hot spots. Different rivers cross the Amazon rainforests and the people that live there use these rivers as roads to go from one place to another. Every year, lightning deaths are reported in the Brazilian Amazon region. In 2018, a lightning discharge struck a small riverboat, which killed 4 people and injured 5 in the North region of Brazil. In this study, we investigate lightning fatalities in Amazon rivers and compute electric field distribution in a small riverboat due to a lightning strike using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The results show that the electric field produced inside the boat is large enough to cause air breakdown. Additionally, we propose a cost-effective method to improve lightning safety for people that use small boats in the Amazon region.Index Termsriverboat lightning protection, FDTD method, lightning fatalities in Amazon rivers I. INTRODUCTIONLightning is a real threat to human beings in the Brazilian Amazon region. More than 77 million lightning strike the Brazilian territory every year according to the Brazilian National Institute for Space Research (INPE) [1]. The tropical zone is the region of the planet with the highest occurrence levels of cumulonimbus clouds, which are the main source of lightning on Earth [2]. Brazil is one of the most extensive countries in the tropical zone, that is, it becomes the main target of lightning occurrence. The majority of Brazilian states with higher lightning rates are located in the Brazilian Amazon region (Acre,

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Section: ) Fdtd Representation Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%