Lightning strike damage on the composite laminates with carbon nanotube films: Protection effect and damage mechanism

Zhang, Jikui; Zhang, Xianglin; Cheng, Xiaoquan; Hei, Yanwei; Xing, Lu; Li, Zhibao

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.03.054

Cited by 66 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Chakravarthi used nickelplated single-wall carbon nanotubes (Ni-SWNTs) to modify the bimar resin, When the added mass is 4%, the resistivity of the resin is reduced by 10 orders of magnitude [10]. Jikui Zhang inserted a layer of carbon nanotube film between each layer of CFRP laminate, which made the multilayer conductive layer inside the laminate, which reduced the damage depth and damage area by 77.6% and 68.0% respectively, while the area and depth of silver plated CFRP laminates decreased by 66.1% and 92.0% respectively under the same current intensity [11]. Guadagno, Raimondo, etc.…”

Section: Inductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal stress damage effect of matrix modified CFRP subjected to lightning

Chang

Wei

et al. 2021

E3S Web Conf.

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Aiming at the carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) of poor electrical conductivity which will lead to thermal stress damage due to intense Joule effect under lightning strikes, electro-thermal-structure coupling models of CFRP lightning strikes were established. By analyzing the thermal strain, thermal stress and status of the modified and unmodified CFRP, their thermal expansion characteristics were compared. Compared with the unmodified CFRP, the thermal strain peak value of the modified CFRP is respectively increased by 36.33%, 53.92%, 66.62%, and the thermal stress peak value of them is respectively reduced by 22.63%, 26.53%, and 9.45% in the absence of dielectric breakdown. But in the breakdown state, both specimens appear complete delamination damage, the protective effect of matrix modification becomes invalid. The thermal stress damage is found having little effect on the damage morphology of the specimens after lightning strikes by comparing their CT images.

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Section: Inductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal stress damage effect of matrix modified CFRP subjected to lightning

Chang

Wei

et al. 2021

E3S Web Conf.

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“…The methods of introducing fillers are lightweight, but may result in an increase in the resin viscosity, and the manufacturing process is complex. Interestingly, Zhang et al [18] compared the LSP effects of CNT film interleaf with surface silver coating of laminates, results indicated that CNT film interleaf can conduct the lightning current and energy quickly along both the depth and in-plane direction. Therefore, conductive interleaf may be a good solution for LSP of CFRP laminates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional nickel‐coated carbon fiber veil for improving both fracture toughness and electrical performance of carbon fiber/epoxy composite laminates

et al. 2021

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The poor lightning strike resistance limits the application of carbon fiberreinforced polymer (CFRP) composites in aircraft. Multifunctional fiber composites can reduce lightning strike damage by improving interlaminar mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. In this study, nickel-coated carbon fiber (NiCF) veil was explored as a functional interleaf of CFRP composites to simultaneously improve the interlaminar fracture toughness (G IC by 74.75% and G IIC by 36.22%) and through-thickness electrical conductivity (by 220.49%). The toughening mechanisms of NiCF veils mainly include the pull-out, debonding, and breakage of NiCFs, as well as peeling and splitting of nickel coating. The improvement of conductivity is mainly attributed to the increase of conductive paths. Furthermore, the NiCF veil-interleaved laminates still maintained relatively high-electrical conductivity after delamination, which was formulated as a structure-function relationship expression. The interesting finding is beneficial to lightning protection, especially for damaged composites. The NiCF veil is a potential interleaf for structure-function integration of composites, and has the potential to suppress lightning damage to aerostructures.

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“…In the aircraft industry, carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) have gradually replaced traditional metallic materials in parts such as skins and fairings due to their excellent mechanical properties, including their high specific strength and corrosion resistance. More than 50% of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner and Airbus 350XWB aircrafts are made of composites [1,2]. However, it is inevitable that an aircraft will encounter lightning strikes during flights.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Analysis of Lightning Damage Factors Based on Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer

et al. 2021

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While carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are widely used in the aerospace industry, they are not able to disperse current from lightning strikes because their conductivity is relatively low compared to metallic materials. As such, the undispersed current can cause the vaporization or delamination of the composites, threatening aircraft safety. In this paper, finite element models of lightning damage to CFRPs were established using commercial finite element analysis software, Abaqus, with the user-defined subroutines USDFLD and HEAVEL. The influences of factors such as the structural geometry, laminate sequence, and intrinsic properties of CFRPs on the degree of damage to the composites are further discussed. The results showed that when a current from lightning is applied to the CFRP surface, it mainly disperses along the fiber direction in the outermost layer. As the length of the CFRP increases, the injected current has a longer residence time in the material due to the increased current exporting distance. Consequently, larger amounts of current accumulate on the surface, eventually leading to more severe damage to the CFRP. This damage can be alleviated by increasing the thickness of the CFRP, as the greater overall resistance makes the CFRP a better insulator against the imposed current. This study also found that the damaged area increased as the angle between the first two layers increased, whereas the depth of the damage decreased due to the current dispersion between the first two layers. The analysis of the electrical conductivity of the composite suggested that damage in the fiber direction will be markedly reduced if the conductivity in the vertical fiber direction increases approximately up to the conductivity of the fiber direction. Moreover, increasing the thermal conductivity along the fiber direction will accelerate the heat dissipation process after the lightning strike, but the influence of the improved thermal conductivity on the extent of the lightning damage is less significant than that of the electrical conductivity.

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Lightning strike damage on the composite laminates with carbon nanotube films: Protection effect and damage mechanism

Cited by 66 publications

References 32 publications

Thermal stress damage effect of matrix modified CFRP subjected to lightning

Thermal stress damage effect of matrix modified CFRP subjected to lightning

Multifunctional nickel‐coated carbon fiber veil for improving both fracture toughness and electrical performance of carbon fiber/epoxy composite laminates

Finite Element Analysis of Lightning Damage Factors Based on Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer

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