Lightweight multiscale hybrid carbon-quartz fiber fabric reinforced phenolic-silica aerogel nanocomposite for high temperature thermal protection

Cheng, Haiming; Zhai, Fan; Hong, Changqing; Zhang, Xinghong

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106313

Cited by 97 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In particular, parts such as aero-engine nozzles that require thermal insulation or ablation resistance. [10,11] However, these parts made of GFRP often be loaded as the structure during the service and long-term storage of aerospace equipment. [12] So the mechanical properties such as tensile and creep performance, which are closely related to the safety of the equipment, are a matter of great concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creep properties and damage mechanism of molded glass fiber reinforced plastic

Liu

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

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Glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) has become one of the most commonly used materials in the structure of aero engines in the last decades. In this study, GFRP was fabricated by molding with phenolic resin as the matrix. Specimens were prepared along horizontal and vertical directions. Fiber distribution, tensile properties, long‐term creep performance, and damage mechanism were systematically investigated. Experimental results shows that horizontal specimens have better tensile properties, lower viscoelasticity, and excellent creep resistance. The fibers inside the cylindrical material exhibit a 3D core‐shell morphology with transverse isotropy in the core region. Load is carried by the fibers and the damage is in the form of fiber fracture and pull‐out in horizontal specimens. Random distribution and interweaving leads to double fracture sections of fibers. Load is carried by the interface and resin, and the damage is in the form of fiber pull‐out laterally and interfacial debonding in vertical specimens. High viscoelasticity of the resin and the weak interfacial bonding ability lead to large creep deformation of vertical specimens. In addition, the creep strain under different loads can be accurately predicted by Modified Time Hardening model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creep properties and damage mechanism of molded glass fiber reinforced plastic

Liu

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

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“…5−8 It is suitable for low-earth orbit reentry, capsule reentry, ballistic reentry, Mars reentry, and many other aerodynamic and thermal environments in many National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) missions. 9,10 However, PICA is a material obtained by impregnating phenolic resin in carbon fiber prefabricated rods, while both carbon fiber and phenolic resin are essentially carbon-based materials. 11,12 It is easy to be oxidized and may result in material failure and extremely serious consequences in a long-term high-temperature aerobic environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ablation process is isolated from the thermal one by way of sacrifice to ensure minimal thermal transfer to the interior of the material or structure. A phenolic impregnated carbon ablator (PICA) is an advanced thermal protection material with lightweight, efficient thermal insulation, and excellent antiablation properties, which is recognized as the current-generation TPS material. − It is suitable for low-earth orbit reentry, capsule reentry, ballistic reentry, Mars reentry, and many other aerodynamic and thermal environments in many National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) missions. , However, PICA is a material obtained by impregnating phenolic resin in carbon fiber prefabricated rods, while both carbon fiber and phenolic resin are essentially carbon-based materials. , It is easy to be oxidized and may result in material failure and extremely serious consequences in a long-term high-temperature aerobic environment. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the microablation long endurance of high-temperature thermal protection materials with oxidation resistance and high mass residual.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polybenzoxazine/Silica Hybrid Aerogels for Thermally Insulating Ablation

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Lightweight microablation thermal protection materials are one of the crucial factors contributing to the rapid development of next-generation aircrafts. However, the maintenance of a high mass residual and long-term antioxidant capacity of the matrix after bearing high-temperature aerobic environments remains a major challenge. Herein, we put forward a strategy for constructing polybenzoxazine/silica hybrid aerogels depending on the introduction into silica inorganic phases by different technologic preparation routes, possessing excellent thermal insulation, superior self-extinguishing properties, and outstanding thermal stability. In detail, the mass residual rate of polybenzoxazine/silica aerogels (PSAs) as-prepared could reach up to 40.19%, mainly due to the reinforced networking structure by the introduction of silica that would be preserved well due to the inorganic phase nature in the high-temperature oxidizing environment. The pore size of polybenzoxazine/silica/chitosan aerogels (PSCAs) is mainly distributed within 5–35 nm, which contributes to obtaining a low thermal conductivity (0.037 W m–1 K–1) due to the pore size being smaller than the mean free path of stationary air at normal temperature and pressure. PSAs and PSCAs both exhibit excellent self-extinguishing properties, attributed to the presence of a large number of aromatic ring structures and the introduction of the silica inorganic phase in polybenzoxazine itself. The microscopic morphology, crystalline shape, and Si-related chemical bonding of PSAs did not significantly change after muffle thermal treatment, including the three-dimensional network structure composed of polybenzoxazine and silica. This study provides a kind of approach for designing a thermal protection material matrix with high mass residual and excellent thermal insulation performance in the aerospace field.

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“…Thereinto, the organic–inorganic composite aerogel is more suitable for heat insulation applications. Comparing with the traditional aerogel materials, the organic–inorganic composite aerogel possesses a tighter three-dimensional structural network, so the organic–inorganic composite aerogel has more micropores and less density, achieving more efficient heat insulation and thermal protection . In addition, organic compounds contained in the organic–inorganic composite aerogel could increase the mechanical flexibility of the structure, which enhances the adhesion possibility of the aerogel to the metallic matrix of hot end components. , Nevertheless, the thermal stability of the organic–inorganic composite aerogel declines at high temperature …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of the Thermal Restructured Carbon–Inorganic Composite Aerogel for Efficient Thermal Protection of Aero-Engines

Ding

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The heat insulation ability and thermal stability of thermal protection materials play extremely important role in the thermal protection of aero-engines under high temperature. Herein, we design the carbon-SiO2-Al2O3 (CSA) composite aerogel through thermochemical restructuring from the phenol-formaldehyde resin-SiO2-Al2O3 (PSA) composite aerogel. This thermochemical restructured aerogel not only shows better adhesion property under room temperature but also possesses higher thermal stability and desirable heat insulation ability under high temperature. Taking the PSA-0.5 composite aerogel as an example, the compressive strain–stress test unveils that it can be compressed by 66% without catastrophic collapse, which is beneficial for the adhesion with the metallic matrix. Meanwhile, the transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images exhibit the unbroken three-dimensional structure for the CSA-0.5 composite aerogel, which confirmed the structural stability of the composite aerogel after thermochemical restructuring. The thermal cycle test indicates that the weight loss of the CSA-0.5 composite aerogel is only ca. 8%, firmly confirming its thermal stability. Importantly, the thermal conductivity of the CSA-0.5 composite aerogel ranges from 0.024 to 0.083 W m–1 K–1, indicating the superior performance of heat insulation. Moreover, the numerical simulation is carried out to validate the thermal protection effect of the CSA-0.5 composite aerogel as a thermal protection layer. Together with laminated cooling, it could enhance the surface cooling effectiveness of the metallic matrix to above 0.8. Briefly, this work paves a new pathway for efficient thermal protection materials of aero-engines via the rational design of the thermochemical restructured composite aerogel under the guidance of ANSYS numerical simulations.

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Lightweight multiscale hybrid carbon-quartz fiber fabric reinforced phenolic-silica aerogel nanocomposite for high temperature thermal protection

Cited by 97 publications

References 36 publications

Creep properties and damage mechanism of molded glass fiber reinforced plastic

Creep properties and damage mechanism of molded glass fiber reinforced plastic

Polybenzoxazine/Silica Hybrid Aerogels for Thermally Insulating Ablation

Design of the Thermal Restructured Carbon–Inorganic Composite Aerogel for Efficient Thermal Protection of Aero-Engines

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