Lignin-based carbon fibers for composite fiber applications

Kadla, John F.; Kubo, Satoshi; Venditti, Richard A.; Gilbert, R. D.; Compere, A.L.; Griffith, W.L.

doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(02)00248-8

Cited by 693 publications

(577 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…As a result, we were able to selectively extract lignin from lignocellulose and simultaneously yield a highly biodegradable cellulose fraction. Moreover, the extracted lignin is expected to be chemically unaltered, thereby providing an unadulterated source of raw material for use as a binder, dispersant, and emulsifier (Chakar and Ragauska, 2004), as well as potential as a blending agent in commodity plastics yielding enhanced composites (Kadla et al, 2002). The selective extraction of lignin from lignocellulosic biomass, therefore, may provide a route toward increased total utilization of lignocellulosic biomass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic liquid‐mediated selective extraction of lignin from wood leading to enhanced enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis

Lee

Doherty

Linhardt

et al. 2008

Biotech & Bioengineering

853

571

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Lignocellulose represents a key sustainable source of biomass for transformation into biofuels and bio-based products. Unfortunately, lignocellulosic biomass is highly recalcitrant to biotransformation, both microbial and enzymatic, which limits its use and prevents economically viable conversion into value-added products. As a result, effective pretreatment strategies are necessary, which invariably involves high energy processing or results in the degradation of key components of lignocellulose. In this work, the ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim][CH 3 COO]), was used as a pretreatment solvent to extract lignin from wood flour. The cellulose in the pretreated wood flour becomes far less crystalline without undergoing solubilization. When 40% of the lignin was removed, the cellulose crystallinity index dropped below 45, resulting in >90% of the cellulose in wood flour to be hydrolyzed by Trichoderma viride cellulase. [Emim] [CH 3 COO] was easily reused, thereby resulting in a highly concentrated solution of chemically unmodified lignin, which may serve as a valuable source of a polyaromatic material as a value-added product.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic liquid‐mediated selective extraction of lignin from wood leading to enhanced enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis

Lee

Doherty

Linhardt

et al. 2008

Biotech & Bioengineering

853

571

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“…To establish CFs in the mass market, the price of CF precursors has to be significantly reduced [10,20,[23][24][25][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. The lowest priced CF precursors primarily consist of polyethylene (PE) [41], lignin [33], and cellulose [42].…”

Section: Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lowest priced CF precursors primarily consist of polyethylene (PE) [41], lignin [33], and cellulose [42].…”

Section: Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cross-linking methods for polyethylene-based carbon fibers: review

Kim¹,

Lee²,

An³

et al. 2015

Carbon letters

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In recent decades, there has been an increasing interest in the use of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) in aerospace, renewable energy and other industries, due to its low weight and relatively good mechanical properties compared with traditional metals. However, due to the high cost of petroleum-based precursors and their associated processing costs, CF remains a specialty product and as such has been limited to use in high-end aerospace, sporting goods, automotive, and specialist industrial applications. The high cost of CF is a problem in various applications and the use of CFRP has been impeded by the high cost of CF in various applications. This paper presents an overview of research related to the fabrication of low cost CF using polyethylene (PE) control technology, and identifies areas requiring additional research and development. It critically reviews the results of cross-linked PE control technology studies, and the development of promising control technologies, including acid, peroxide, radiation and silane cross-linking methods.

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“…However, melt spinning of HKL was developed by Kadla and his coworkers in 2002 [52]. Although there still is no report on melt spinning of SKL alone, its spinning was achieved by the addition of low-molecular-mass fraction of hardwood kraft lignin in 2013 [53].…”

Section: Cf From Kraft Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of wood cell wall components

Uraki

Koda

2015

J Wood Sci

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This article summarizes current utilizations of wood cell wall components in relation to biorefinery of woody biomass as a separation method of its constituents. Especially, utilization of isolated lignins, involving transformation and molding, are demonstrated with respect to productions of carbon fibers and their further functionalization, such as developments of activated carbon fibers and electrodes for second battery and electric double-layer capacitor.

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Lignin-based carbon fibers for composite fiber applications

Cited by 693 publications

References 11 publications

Ionic liquid‐mediated selective extraction of lignin from wood leading to enhanced enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis

Ionic liquid‐mediated selective extraction of lignin from wood leading to enhanced enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis

Effects of cross-linking methods for polyethylene-based carbon fibers: review

Utilization of wood cell wall components

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