Lignin Degradation byFlavodon flavus(Klotzsch.) Ryv. andSchizophyllum communeFr. onMangifera indicaandSyzygium cuminiWoods

Padhiar, Amee; Albert, Susy; Nagadesi, Praveen Kumar; Arya, Arun

doi:10.1080/02773810903207770

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Recent genomic comparisons of 33 basidiomycetes suggest that S. commune is an intermediate between white-rot and brown-rot species in terms of gene families encoding lignocellulose-degrading enzymes [ 25 ]. Given the limited reports characterizing its lignocellulolytic enzymes [ 26 – 28 ] and wood decay process [ 29 ], it is not clear what biodegradative strategy S. commune uses to decompose lignocellulosic biomass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of the secretomes of Schizophyllum commune and other wood-decay basidiomycetes during solid-state fermentation reveals its unique lignocellulose-degrading enzyme system

Zhu

Liu

Yang

et al. 2016

Biotechnol Biofuels

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BackgroundThe genome of Schizophyllum commune encodes a diverse repertoire of degradative enzymes for plant cell wall breakdown. Recent comparative genomics study suggests that this wood decayer likely has a mode of biodegradation distinct from the well-established white-rot/brown-rot models. However, much about the extracellular enzyme system secreted by S. commune during lignocellulose deconstruction remains unknown and the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. In this study, extracellular proteins of S. commune colonizing Jerusalem artichoke stalk were analyzed and compared with those of two white-rot fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and a brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum.ResultsUnder solid-state fermentation (SSF) conditions, S. commune displayed considerably higher levels of hydrolytic enzyme activities in comparison with those of P. chrysosporium, C. subvermispora and G. trabeum. During biodegradation process, this fungus modified the lignin polymer in a way which was consistent with a hydroxyl radical attack, similar to that of G. trabeum. The crude enzyme cocktail derived from S. commune demonstrated superior performance over a commercial enzyme preparation from Trichoderma longibrachiatum in the hydrolysis of pretreated lignocellulosic biomass at low enzyme loadings. Secretomic analysis revealed that compared with three other fungi, this species produced a higher diversity of carbohydrate-degrading enzymes, especially hemicellulases and pectinases acting on polysaccharide backbones and side chains, and a larger set of enzymes potentially supporting the generation of hydroxyl radicals. In addition, multiple non-hydrolytic proteins implicated in enhancing polysaccharide accessibility were identified in the S. commune secretome, including lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) and expansin-like proteins.ConclusionsPlant lignocellulose degradation by S. commune involves a hydroxyl radical-mediated mechanism for lignocellulose modification in parallel with the synergistic system of various polysaccharide-degrading enzymes. Furthermore, the complex enzyme system of S. commune holds significant potential for application in biomass saccharification. These discoveries will help unveil the diversity of natural lignocellulose-degrading mechanisms, and advance the design of more efficient enzyme mixtures for the deconstruction of lignocellulosic feedstocks.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13068-016-0461-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of the secretomes of Schizophyllum commune and other wood-decay basidiomycetes during solid-state fermentation reveals its unique lignocellulose-degrading enzyme system

Zhu

Liu

Yang

et al. 2016

Biotechnol Biofuels

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“…S. commune is often considered a saprot basidiomycete (Schmidt, 2006;Takemoto, Nakamura, Imamura, & Shimane, 2010) but is also described as a saprobe (Nicolotti, Martinis, & Tamietti, 1998;Padhiar, Albert, Nagadesi, & Arya, 2010), associated with sapwood rot or heart rot in more than 70 species of landscape trees including acacia, eucalypt, ash and tamarind (Hickman, Perry, & Davis, 2011). were among the most frequently isolated basidiomycete fungi from discoloured wood of living Acacia hybrid stems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…were among the most frequently isolated basidiomycete fungi from discoloured wood of living Acacia hybrid stems. S. commune is often considered a saprot basidiomycete (Schmidt, 2006;Takemoto, Nakamura, Imamura, & Shimane, 2010) but is also described as a saprobe (Nicolotti, Martinis, & Tamietti, 1998;Padhiar, Albert, Nagadesi, & Arya, 2010), associated with sapwood rot or heart rot in more than 70 species of landscape trees including acacia, eucalypt, ash and tamarind (Hickman, Perry, & Davis, 2011). This fungus is also recognized as a cause of heart rot (Oprea, Sesan, & Balan, 1994;Visarathononth, 1990 The number of Ascomycete OTUs identified from direct DNA extracts was 1.6-fold higher than that of Basidiomycete fungus taxa, almost half of which were yeasts and not regarded as significant in wood decay processes.…”

Section: Comparison Of Fungal Isolates and 454sequence Otus At The mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood‐rotting basidiomycetes are a minor component of fungal communities associated with Acacia hybrid trees grown for sawlogs in South Vietnam

et al. 2019

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Acacia hybrid (Acacia mangium × Acacia auriculiformis) clones are widely planted in Vietnam with a total of approximately 400,000 ha to meet the demand for pulpwood, sawn timber and wood chip exports. Silvicultural techniques such as pruning and thinning have been applied to improve productivity and sawlog quality of Acacia hybrid plantations. However, those techniques may also create opportunities for wood decay fungi to enter the Acacia hybrid stems through wounds and cause stem defects that reduce sawlog quality and the value of the plantation. The presence of fungal decay agents in Acacia hybrid trees was examined in two Vietnamese plantations. In July 2011, just prior to a second thinning, discoloured wood samples were taken from a three-year-old Acacia hybrid plantation at Phan Truong Hai for the isolation of fungi. In July 2012, approximately 18 months after pruning and thinning treatments, discoloured wood samples were taken from a three-year-old Acacia hybrid plantation at Nghia Trung for the isolation of fungi. DNA sequencing of the rDNA ITS identified the isolates. In May 2015, approximately 4 years after thinning and fertilizer treatments, discoloured and decayed wood samples were taken from the above (7-year-old) Acacia hybrid plantation at Phan Truong Hai for fungal identification.DNA was extracted directly from discoloured and decayed wood samples and fungal rDNA ITS amplicons sequenced on a Roche 454 sequencer. The results showed that silvicultural treatments did not affect the fungal communities associated with discoloured and decayed wood of Acacia hybrid plantation at Phan Truong Hai. A total of 135 fungal species or OTUs (operational taxonomic units) were identified, including 82 members of Ascomycota and 52 Basidiomycota. K E Y W O R D SCeratocystis, endophytes, Pseudolagarobasidium, stem defects, Xylariaceae

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“…and some (14.3 % of tested species) not (Padhiar et al 2010;Nagadesi and Arya 2014;Koyani et al 2016; Table 4-1).…”

Section: Wood Decay By S Communementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Allen 1994;Padhiar et al 2010;Nagadesi and Arya 2014;Koyani et al 2016; Table 4-1). Timings will relate to first the colonization of the substrate and the possible consumption of easily accessible nutrients in the wood prior to accelerated weight loss by attack of degradable polymers within the wood.…”

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confidence: 99%

Unlocking proteomic and ecological heterogeneity between Schizophyllum commune and Trametes versicolor as early sapwood colonizers on wood

Zia¹

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Pilze sind ein wesentlicher Bestandteil von Waldökosystemen und holzzerstörende Pilze spielen eine Schlüsselrolle beim Abbau von Holz und beim Nährstoffrecycling. Der vollständige Abbau von Holz durch eine einzelne Pilzart ist aufgrund der widerspenstigen physikalischen Struktur und chemischen Zusammensetzung von Holz eine Herausforderung. In der Natur ist verrottendes Holz daher ein Unterschlupf für mehrere holzzersetzende Pilze. Diese Pilze sind neben anderen die Hauptakteure im Holzzerfallsprozess. Bestimmte holzzerstörende Pilze besiedeln früh das Holz und starten den Zerfallsprozess. In diesem Zusammenhang werden zwei frühe Splintholzbesiedler, Schizophyllum commune und Trametes versicolor, oft gemeinsam in Form von Pilzen auf Ästen lebender Bäume, auf frisch gefallenem Totholz und auch auf geschnittenen Stämmen gefunden. In früheren Berichten und in eigenen Beobachtungen erschienen die Fruchtkörper beider Pilze zuerst in der frühen Fäulnisphase auf dem morschen Holz. Allerdings ist S. commune ein schwacher Zersetzer mit Merkmalen zwischen Weiß-und Braunfäule (Graufäule) und könnte Vorteile von mitbewohnenden Pilzen haben, die besser in der Lage sind, Holz abzubauen. T. versicolor hingegen ist eine aggressive Weißfäule. Zwischen diesen beiden frühen Splintholzbesiedlern bestehen Interaktionen, die sowohl kompetitiv als auch kooperativ sein können. In dieser Arbeit ging es darum, die Interaktionen zwischen den frühen Splintholzbesiedlern (S. commune und T. versicolor) in Laborexperimenten in Doppelkulturen auf Buchenholz besser zu verstehen und die Sekretome/Proteome aus Einzel-und Doppelkulturen, die auf Buchensplintholz oder künstlichem Substrat gewachsen sind, zu isolieren, um Funktionen beim Wachstum auf Holz, bei der Entgiftung schädlicher Holzinhaltsstoffe und bei der Verteidigung gegen andere Pilze zu definieren. Buchen-Splintholz-und Rindenfäulnisversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Fäulniskapazität von zwei frühen Splintholzbesiedlern, S. commune und T. versicolor, unter verschiedenen Beleuchtungsschemata zu testen und zu vergleichen. Drei Stämme von S. commune (Dikaryon Sc-D; die beiden elterlichen Monokaryonen Sc-M1 und Sc-M2) und zwei Stämme von T. versicolor (Dikaryon Tv-D; Monokaryon Tv-M) wurden auf Buchenpartikel (ca. 4 x 1 mm) inokuliert und bei 25 o C unter verschiedenen Lichtbedingungen (in kontinuierlicher Dunkelheit -CD, in Dunkelheit -D, in kontinuierlichem Licht -CL, und in 12 h Dunkelheit/12 h Licht-Zyklen -12L/12D) für 30 und 90 Tage bebrütet. Das aggressive Verhalten von T. versicolor wurde durch XIV | P a g e Tests an Buchensplintholz und Rindenfäule verifiziert. Insgesamt verursachte T. versicolor eine höhere Reduktion des Rinden-und Splintholzgewichts als S. commune. Im Splintholz reduzierte T. versicolor das Gewicht innerhalb von 90 Tagen um maximal 53 % (Tv-D) und 24 % (Tv-M), während S. commune den Gewichtsverlust in der gleichen Zeit nur bis zu 6 % erreichte (Sc-D: 4 %; Sc-M1: 5 % und Sc-M2: 6 %). Alle Stämme von S. commune reduzierten unter allen Licht-und Dunkelbedingungen n...

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Lignin Degradation byFlavodon flavus(Klotzsch.) Ryv. andSchizophyllum communeFr. onMangifera indicaandSyzygium cuminiWoods

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Comparative analysis of the secretomes of Schizophyllum commune and other wood-decay basidiomycetes during solid-state fermentation reveals its unique lignocellulose-degrading enzyme system

Comparative analysis of the secretomes of Schizophyllum commune and other wood-decay basidiomycetes during solid-state fermentation reveals its unique lignocellulose-degrading enzyme system

Wood‐rotting basidiomycetes are a minor component of fungal communities associated with Acacia hybrid trees grown for sawlogs in South Vietnam

Unlocking proteomic and ecological heterogeneity between Schizophyllum commune and Trametes versicolor as early sapwood colonizers on wood

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