Lignin Doped Carbon Nanotube Yarns for Improved Thermoelectric Efficiency

Abstract

and is used to compare the thermoelectric efficiency of samples with similar thermal conductivities. [2] Traditionally, inorganic compounds such as: Bi 2 Te 3 , PbTe, and SiGe have dominated the manufacturing of thermoelectric devices. [3-6] However, serious drawbacks such as: toxicity, scarcity of raw materials, and high cost have limited their application and pushed research to newer alternative materials which are highly abundant, low cost, and non-toxic. Organic semiconductors such as: conducting polymers, carbonaceous materials, and nanocomposites have been proposed as possible candidates due to their availability, low thermal conductivity, ease of chemical modification, and

New Progress on Fiber-Based Thermoelectric Materials: Performance, Device Structures and Applications

“…Therefore, these traits imply that solutions of redox molecules can easily dope in SWNT, which is strikingly different from the process by which defects are created by atomic substitution in conventional thermoelectric materials [ 64 , 67 ]. Furthermore, Culebras et al prepared p-type carbon nanotube yarns (CNTYs) doped with lignin using impregnation, which was a sustainable and environmentally friendly material [ 68 ]. Densely interconnected nanostructures can be formed by the strong π–π interaction between lignin molecules and CNTY bundles, which can increase electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient simultaneously ( Figure 3 a).…”

“…As a result, the power factor was significantly improved to 132.2 μWm −1 K −2 , more than six times that of the original CNTY, as illustrated in Figure 3 b,c. In this work, 20 pairs of CNTY/lignin nanocomposite yarns effected a maximum output power of 3.8 W at a temperature gradient of 30 K [ 68 ].…”

“…Wang et al fabricated uniform core–shell nanostructured PEDOT/carbon nanotube (CNT) composites with the assistance of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and the nanostructure contributed to a high-power factor of up to 157 μWm −1 K −2 at room temperature.

Figure 3 ( a ) MWCNT fiber and lignin form a dense microstructure and schematic diagrams of charge carrier filtering mechanism [ 68 ]. Copyright 2020 Wiley-VCH.

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“…Copyright 2020 Wiley-VCH. ( c ) Seebeck coefficient and power factor measured as a function of dopant concentration [ 68 ]. Copyright 2020 Wiley-VCH.…”

Facile Tailoring of Structures for Controlled Release of Paracetamol from Sustainable Lignin Derived Platforms

“…Clear examples are: the use of lignin to synthetize thermosetting resins [ 11 ] and carbon fibers for structural composites manufacturing [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. In addition lignin is currently being use as precursor to produce carbon based nanostructures for energy applications such as: batteries, supercapacitors [ 16 , 17 ] and thermoelectric devices [ 18 ]. Lignin is a phenolic polymer consisting of phenyl propanol units that enhances the hydrophobic properties and promotes mineral transport in plants.…”