Lignin-enzyme interaction: A roadblock for efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosics

Huang, Caoxing; Jiang, Xiao; Shen, Xiaojun; Hu, Jinguang; Tang, Wei; Wu, Xinxing; Ragauskas, Arthur J.; Jameel, Hasan; Meng, Xianzhi; Yong, Qiang

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2021.111822

Cited by 279 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 259 publications

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“…Currently, the application of cellulose and hemicellulose have been much investigated and converted into energy chemicals in industry ( Huang et al, 2016a ; Chen et al, 2018 ; Lai et al, 2019 ; Luo et al, 2021 ). However, lignin, the major phenolic polymers in biomass, remains underutilized in biorefining, which is required to explore the potential applications in theory ( Liu et al, 2021a ; Liu et al, 2021b ; Huang et al, 2022 ). Actually, many works have shown that lignin possesses the potential to be further converted into different chemicals and materials, such as phenolic resins, dispersants, binders, carbon fibers, and active substance ( Ragauskas et al, 2006 ; Yang et al, 2007 ; Jiang et al, 2017a ; Zheng et al, 2021a ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Ball Milling Time on the Isolation of Lignin in the Cell Wall of Different Biomass

Yang

2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Ball milling technology is the classical technology to isolate representative lignin in the cell wall of biomass for further investigation. In this work, different ball milling times were carried out on hardwood (poplar sawdust), softwood (larch sawdust), and gramineous material (bamboo residues) to understand the optimum condition to isolate the representative milled wood lignin (MWL) in these different biomass species. Results showed that prolonging ball milling time from 3 to 7 h obviously increased the isolation yields of MWL in bamboo residues (from 39.2% to 53.9%) and poplar sawdust (from 15.5% to 35.6%), while only a slight increase was found for the MWL yield of larch sawdust (from 23.4% to 25.8%). Importantly, the lignin substructure of ß-O-4 in the MWL samples from different biomasses can be a little degraded with the increasing ball milling time, resulting in the prepared MWL with lower molecular weight and higher content of hydroxyl groups. Based on the isolation yield and structure features, milling time with 3 and 7 h were sufficient to isolate the representative lignin (with yield over 30%) in the cell wall of bamboo residues and poplar sawdust, respectively, while more than 7 h should be carried out to isolate the representative lignin in larch sawdust.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Ball Milling Time on the Isolation of Lignin in the Cell Wall of Different Biomass

Yang

2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…5b). Alternative possibilities could be the enzyme inhibition caused by (1) lignin deposited on pulp during lignin precipotation, 48 and (2) structural changes of the residual lignin remained in the pretreated pulp. 23 To verify former one, the pretreated pulp was extracted with 1,4-dioxane to remove possibly deposited lignin before the enzymatic hydrolysis experiment.…”

Section: Enzymatic Hydrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient pretreatment using dimethyl isosorbide as a biobased solvent for potential complete biomass valorization

Yang

Meng

et al. 2022

Preprint

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An efficient and sustainable pretreatment, such as organosolv pretreatment that produces high-quality lignin and highly digestible carbohydrates, could enable the potential complete utilization of lignocellulosic biomass. Demand for bio-based solvents with a high boiling point, low viscosity, and negligible toxicity is increasing. Herein, we report the use of dimethyl isosorbide (DMI) as a solvent to fractionate lignocellulosic biomass into its main components for the first time. High lignin removal efficiency (91.2%) with good cellulose retention (around 80%) could be achieved during the pretreatment of Eucalyptus by DMI/H2O co-solvents under a mild condition. A near-complete cellulose conversion to its monosaccharide could be realized at a relatively low enzyme loading of 20 FPU g−1 glucan. The addition of water could suppress the condensation of lignin, yielding high-quality lignin with a good fraction of β-O-4 linkages reserved (24.8%) and homogeneous molecular weight (Đ<2) suitable for depolymerization to mono-aromatic chemicals. Besides its highly digestible nature, the high quality of the cellulose-rich residue is also demonstrated from a material perspective. A more efficient fibrillation of obtained pulp to nanocellulose was developed, leading to a promising potential of energy saving compared to the traditional bleaching pathway. Overall, this work developed a mild pretreatment technology as a potential basis for a green and closed-loop biorefinery concept for converting lignocellulosic biomass to multiple products (high-quality lignin, fermentable sugars, or functional materials).

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“…Additionally, a partial modification of the lignin structure as a result of the use of various pretreatment methods may generate an increased number of hydrogen and hydrophobic interactions between lignin and cellulases, which can significantly limit the catalytic effectiveness of cellulases. Both lignins and products of their decomposition or modification may bind with cellulases, while their binding with enzymes may be an effect of hydrophobic, electrostatic interactions and the creation of hydrogen bonds 5 , 6 . The removal of lignins from plant biomass is a key condition enabling the acquisition of the structural polysaccharides fraction susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delignification efficiency of various types of biomass using microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment

Mikulski

Kłosowski

2022

Sci Rep

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The use of a method of an effective delignification of lignocellulosic biomass is a key stage of designing processes of its microbiological conversion e.g. for the purposes of the production of cellulosic ethanol. The study was aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment using sodium cumene sulfonate (NaCS) for the delignification of pine and beech chips and wheat straw. Research results presenting the impact of process parameters of microwave-assisted hydrotropic delignification confirm a high effectiveness of this method of pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. The observed effects included changes in the composition of the biomass and an increased susceptibility of cellulose to the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. The use of microwave heating combined with an addition of hydrotrope of 40% w/v NaCS and 117 PSI for 60 min enabled a reduction of the absolute concentration of lignins by 36.58% in pine chips, by 57.68% in beech chips, and by 74.08% in wheat straw. After enzymatic hydrolysis was conducted, the highest concentration of glucose: 463.27 ± 11.25 mg glucose/g (hydrolysis yield 46.76 ± 1.14%) was obtained from the wheat straw, while 327.70 ± 22.15 mg glucose/g (hydrolysis yield 35.13 ± 2.37%) was acquired from the beech chips, and only 50.77 ± 0.75 mg glucose/g (hydrolysis yield 6.63 ± 0.10%) was obtained from the pine chips. Microwave-assisted hydrotropic delignification in the optimum process conditions additionally allows a complete removal of hemicellulose from biomass, which improves the effectiveness of enzymatic hydrolysis. Due to a significant reduction of lignin and hemicellulose concentration in biomass, cellulose—which is susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis and a source of carbon in biosynthesis processes—becomes the main biomass component.

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Lignin-enzyme interaction: A roadblock for efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosics

Cited by 279 publications

References 259 publications

The Effect of Ball Milling Time on the Isolation of Lignin in the Cell Wall of Different Biomass

The Effect of Ball Milling Time on the Isolation of Lignin in the Cell Wall of Different Biomass

Efficient pretreatment using dimethyl isosorbide as a biobased solvent for potential complete biomass valorization

Delignification efficiency of various types of biomass using microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment

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