Lignin Hydrotreatment to Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds

Chum, Helena L.; Johnson, David K.; Black, Stuart; Ratcliff, Matthew A.; Goheen, David W.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-9945-2_2

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…An assessment of the potential of the lignins and their fractions as a source for production of monomeric phenolic compounds is also presented. Alkaline hydrolysis and nitrobenzene oxidation were selected as the two modes of depolymerization due to their simplicity in experimental technique as well as the relatively small number of monomers produced in rather significant yields (i.e., high selectivity) when compared to other methods of lignin degradation (14 For personal use only.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionation of woodmeal by prehydrolysis and thermal organosolv. Alkaline depolymerization, chemical functionality, and molecular weight distribution of recovered lignins and their fractions

Thring¹,

Chornet²,

Overend³

1993

Can. J. Chem.

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. Can. J . Chem. 71, 779 (1993). Thermal organosolv glycol lignins and their fractions have been characterized by means of elemental composition, molecular weight distribution, and 'H and I3c NMR spectroscopy. Fractionation of each lignin by sequential solvent extraction produced fractions of increasing molecular weight and polydispersity. Structures in the highest molecular weight fractions were found to be linked by a high proportion of P-0-4 type bonds, whilst the lowest molecular weight fractions consisted of a high content of saturated aliphatic side-chain structures. A noticeable difference in the content of carbohydrate contaminants in both starting lignins indicated the formation of relatively stable lignin-carbohydrate complexes, especially in the lignin recovered from pretreated wood. In addition, depolymerization of the lignins and their fractions to monomeric compounds was explored using alkaline hydrolytic and nitrobenzene oxidative routes. The highest molecular weight fractions from each lignin were identified as the best candidates for production of useful monomeric phenolic compounds. En se basant sur la composition ClCmentaire, la distribution des poids molCculaires et la RMN du 'H et du I3c, on a caractCrisC les lignines thermiques de l'organosolv glycol et leurs fractions. Le fractionnement de chaque lignine par extraction ~Cquentielle par les solvants a fourni des fractions de poids molCculaires et de polydispersitCs croissants. On a trouvC que les structures des fractions de poids molCculaires les plus ClevCs sont likes en grande partie par des liaisons de type P-0-4 alors que celles des fractions de poids molCculaires plus faibles comportent de grandes quantites de chaines laterales aliphatiques saturkes. On a not6 une difference notablehans le contenuen hydrates de carbone des deux lignines; elle indique qu'il y a formation de complexes lignine -hydrate de carbone relativement stables, particulikrement dans la lignine rCcupCrCe du bois prCtraitC. On a de plus examine la dCpolymCrisation des lignines et de leurs fractions en composCs monomeres par hydrolyse alcaline et par oxydation avec du nitrobenzkne. Pour la production de composCs phCnoliques monomkres utiles, on a identifiC que les fractions de poids molCculaires les plus ClevCs de chacune des lignines seraient les plus appropriCes.[Traduit par la rCdaction]

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionation of woodmeal by prehydrolysis and thermal organosolv. Alkaline depolymerization, chemical functionality, and molecular weight distribution of recovered lignins and their fractions

Thring¹,

Chornet²,

Overend³

1993

Can. J. Chem.

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“…To do so, the crude mixture of monomers was first chemo-catalytically hydroprocessed into n-propylphenols (PPs) and ethylphenols (EPs). In contrast to previously reported approaches using (batch) liquid-phase and/or sulfided catalysts on pure compounds (17)(18)(19)(20), we pursued a solvent-and sulfur-free, continuous catalytic gas-phase hydroprocessing step. This procedure avoids product contamination as well as additional costs related to solvent loss and recovery.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A sustainable wood biorefinery for low–carbon footprint chemicals production

Liao

Koelewijn

Bossche

et al. 2020

Science

793

491

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The profitability and sustainability of future biorefineries are dependent on efficient feedstock use. Therefore, it is essential to valorize lignin when using wood. We have developed an integrated biorefinery that converts 78 weight % (wt %) of birch into xylochemicals. Reductive catalytic fractionation of the wood produces a carbohydrate pulp amenable to bioethanol production and a lignin oil. After extraction of the lignin oil, the crude, unseparated mixture of phenolic monomers is catalytically funneled into 20 wt % of phenol and 9 wt % of propylene (on the basis of lignin weight) by gas-phase hydroprocessing and dealkylation; the residual phenolic oligomers (30 wt %) are used in printing ink as replacements for controversial para-nonylphenol. A techno-economic analysis predicts an economically competitive production process, and a life-cycle assessment estimates a lower carbon dioxide footprint relative to that of fossil-based production.

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“…Under hydrotreating conditions, the solvent used for the hydroconversion of lignin can be degraded or converted. For that reason, some authors proposed to use as solvent the compounds formed during the conversion (phenols, cresols) or even derived-lignin oil [83,85]. However, these solvents can undergo undesirable transformation as described for cresol in the liquefaction of a steamed lignin over a NiMoS catalyst supported on alumina [86].…”

Section: Catalytic Hydroconversion Of Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical Conversion of Lignin for Fuels and Chemicals: A Review

Joffres

Laurenti

Charon

et al. 2013

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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Re´sume´-Conversion thermochimique de la lignine en carburants et produits chimiques : une revue -La lignine est une des composantes de la biomasse lignocellulosique potentiellement valorisable comme ressource renouvelable pour la production de carburants ou de produits chimiques. Apre`s se´paration de la matrice lignocellulosique, cette macromole´cule est de nos jours essentiellement utilise´e comme combustible dans l'industrie papetie`re. Outre cette filie`re papetie`re, la production d'e´thanol de seconde ge´ne´ration a`partir de la cellulose aura comme conse´quence la mise a`disponibilite´d'encore plus grandes quantite´s de lignine. De nouvelles applications pourront donc eˆtre propose´es pour l'utilisation de cette bio-ressource. Les diffe´rentes voies thermochimiques : pyrolyse, solvolyse, conversion hydrothermale et hydroconversion envisage´es pour la valorisation de la lignine sont de´crites dans cet article.Abstract -Thermochemical Conversion of Lignin for Fuels and Chemicals: A Review -Lignin is one of the biomass components potentially usable as renewable resource to produce fuels or chemicals. After separation from the lignocellulosic matrix, this macromolecule is nowadays essentially valorized by combustion in paper mills. If second generation ethanol is produced in the future from lignocellulosic biomass, some increasing reserves of lignin will be available in addition to the ones coming from the paper industry. The main thermochemical ways such as pyrolysis, solvolysis, hydrothermal conversion and hydroconversion considered for the valorization of the lignin are reviewed in this article.

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Lignin Hydrotreatment to Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds

Cited by 10 publications

References 97 publications

Fractionation of woodmeal by prehydrolysis and thermal organosolv. Alkaline depolymerization, chemical functionality, and molecular weight distribution of recovered lignins and their fractions

Fractionation of woodmeal by prehydrolysis and thermal organosolv. Alkaline depolymerization, chemical functionality, and molecular weight distribution of recovered lignins and their fractions

A sustainable wood biorefinery for low–carbon footprint chemicals production

Thermochemical Conversion of Lignin for Fuels and Chemicals: A Review

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