Lignin-phenol-formaldehyde adhesives for exterior grade plywoods

Vázquez, G.; Antorrena, G.; González, Juan Manuel; Mayor, Julián

doi:10.1016/0960-8524(94)00120-p

Cited by 61 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Lignin has been previously considered for use in a based material application as a phenol substitute material due to its similar structure. The precipitated lignin from pulping black liquor produced by common pulping process at high temperatures [9][10][11] and the by-products from biorefinery [12] are possible sources of lignin that can be used as a phenol substitute.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of lignin from the oak wood bioethanol production residue for adhesives

Lee

Kim

Cho

et al. 2015

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of lignin from the oak wood bioethanol production residue for adhesives

Lee

Kim

Cho

et al. 2015

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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“…Ayla reported that a resin composed of 90 % ethanol lignin (isolated from beech or pine wood) and 10 % phenol led to boiling proof bond according to the German Standards [86]. Formacell and Acetocolv lignins from Eucalyptus can be used in PF resins [19,87,88]. Sano and Ichikawa prepared PF resins containing cresol lignin, which was obtained from solvolytic pulping of hardwood chips with aqueous cresols.…”

Section: Phenolic Resinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of technical lignins to functional materials with retained polymeric properties

Matsushita

2015

J Wood Sci

158

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A significant amount of technical lignins is produced in the pulp and paper industries. However, most technical lignins are burned for thermal recycling and a few percent are used as materials, such as lignosulfonate as a dispersant. Native lignin has a highly complex structure and is susceptible to structural variations depending on the pulping process, thus hindering the effective utilization of lignins. The procedures used to convert lignins into functional materials include depolymerization to monomeric fragments followed by re-building to functional materials, and chemical modifications to generate functional polymers with retained polymeric properties. In this paper, the latter is disserted. The characteristics of technical lignins, which include kraft lignin, lignosulfonate, and organosolv lignin, and their conversion to functional materials such as polyesters, polyethers, polyurethanes, etc. and the applications of lignin-based materials in some fields are discussed.

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“…In the initial studies, unmodified eucalyptus acetosolv lignin was considered as a filler, and no more than 20% could substitute phenol without decreasing the plywood mechanical strength (Vazquez et al 1995). The methylolation of eucalyptus acetosolv lignin allowed a phenol substitution up to 40% (Vazquez et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organosolv Wheat Straw Lignin as a Phenol Substitute for Green Phenolic Resins

Tachon¹,

Benjelloun-Mlayah²,

Delmas³

2016

BioResources

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Organosolv wheat straw lignin extracted using the CIMV process TM is a linear, low molecular weight, and natural phenolic oligomer. In this study, organosolv wheat straw lignin was tested as a substitute for 50% to 70% of the phenol in a phenol-formaldehyde-resol resin. The lignin was used without any chemical modification in a one-step synthesis reaction. Parameters such as reaction time and formaldehyde-to-phenol sources (phenol + lignin) mass ratios were optimized to achieve the requirements for industrial wood adhesives in terms of pH, viscosity, and dry matter. For the first time, the formaldehyde ratio was studied in order to reduce resin residual free formaldehyde below 1%. Lignin-phenol-formaldehyde resins were successfully synthesized up to a phenol substitution rate of 70% and showed physico-chemical properties close to standard phenolformaldehyde resins. The thermo-mechanical properties analyzed in dynamic load thermo mechanical analysis were similar to those of the reference resins. Plywood panels manufactured using these lignin-based resins reached the specifications for industrial panels according to the French standard for exterior plywood panels. Moreover, the formaldehyde content of these plywoods was low enough to satisfy even the most rigorous legislation.

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Lignin-phenol-formaldehyde adhesives for exterior grade plywoods

Cited by 61 publications

References 9 publications

Isolation and characterization of lignin from the oak wood bioethanol production residue for adhesives

Isolation and characterization of lignin from the oak wood bioethanol production residue for adhesives

Conversion of technical lignins to functional materials with retained polymeric properties

Organosolv Wheat Straw Lignin as a Phenol Substitute for Green Phenolic Resins

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