Lignin Reinforcement in Bioplastic Composites

Mamun, A. A.; Nikousaleh, Mohammad Ali; Feldmann, Markus; Rüppel, Annette; Sauer, Viola; Kleinhans, Simon; Heim, Hans-Peter

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-35565-0.00008-4

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In the composite material, “lignin” has been added into polymers to improve their physical and chemical properties. 1 − 3 Due to its antioxidant and antidegradation properties, not only the materials but also the addition of lignin in various type of commercial products including cement, paint, ink, dye, dispersant, etc. has recently gained interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many researchers use lignin as an “additive” in chemicals or materials for industrial composites and admixtures. In the composite material, “lignin” has been added into polymers to improve their physical and chemical properties. − Due to its antioxidant and antidegradation properties, not only the materials but also the addition of lignin in various type of commercial products including cement, paint, ink, dye, dispersant, etc. has recently gained interest. , As the admixture, lignin has also been used in the generation of several synthetic polymeric units. , Besides, the production of several advanced materials including resins, adhesives, and carbon fibers from lignin have also gained interest. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabrication and Characterization of Lignin Particles and Their Ultraviolet Protection Ability in PVA Composite Film

et al. 2020

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Recently, lignin utilization in advanced applications has gained much interest. Due to the limitation of the current use of standard lignin, lignin particles have recently gained attention in overcoming the challenge. In this work, the spherical lignin particles obtained from organosolv lignin (OL) were prepared using the dialysis method with tetrahydrofuran (THF) or ethanol as the solvent. From the result, it was found that the types of lignin and solvent, initial lignin concentration, and stirring rate strongly affected the size of fabricated particles. Moreover, the preparation of lignin particles using THF as a solvent showed more uniform and symmetric spherical lignin particles. The stability of the particle dispersion was examined under various pH conditions. Moreover, lignin samples were also introduced into the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) for the production of ultraviolet (UV)-blocking composite film. Mechanical and optical properties of composite film were also observed. As a result, the prepared lignin–PVA composite film showed great ultraviolet (UV) protective potential in both UVA and UVB regions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Characterization of Lignin Particles and Their Ultraviolet Protection Ability in PVA Composite Film

et al. 2020

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“…Therefore, Ikeda et al [ 175 ] showed that lignin potentially improves tensile stress and storage moduli of natural rubber, while reducing the dissipative loss. The tensile and flexural modulus of polylatic acid, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and thermoplastic elastomers after lignin addition were also raised [ 176 ]. Mechanical properties were also generally improved when lignin nanoparticle-poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) complexes were added to natural rubber [ 177 ].…”

Section: Lignocellulosic Materials For the Production Of Biofuels Bio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignocellulosic Materials for the Production of Biofuels, Biochemicals and Biomaterials and Applications of Lignocellulose-Based Polyurethanes: A Review

2022

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The present review is devoted to the description of the state-of-the-art techniques and procedures concerning treatments and modifications of lignocellulosic materials in order to use them as precursors for biomaterials, biochemicals and biofuels, with particular focus on lignin and lignin-based products. Four different main pretreatment types are outlined, i.e., thermal, mechanical, chemical and biological, with special emphasis on the biological action of fungi and bacteria. Therefore, by selecting a determined type of fungi or bacteria, some of the fractions may remain unaltered, while others may be decomposed. In this sense, the possibilities to obtain different final products are massive, depending on the type of microorganism and the biomass selected. Biofuels, biochemicals and biomaterials derived from lignocellulose are extensively described, covering those obtained from the lignocellulose as a whole, but also from the main biopolymers that comprise its structure, i.e., cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. In addition, special attention has been paid to the formulation of bio-polyurethanes from lignocellulosic materials, focusing more specifically on their applications in the lubricant, adhesive and cushioning material fields. High-performance alternatives to petroleum-derived products have been reported, such as adhesives that substantially exceed the adhesion performance of those commercially available in different surfaces, lubricating greases with tribological behaviour superior to those in lithium and calcium soap and elastomers with excellent static and dynamic performance.

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“…Not only are natural fibers and wood interesting in the composite sector, but Al Mamun et al [ 55 ] explain that lignin (one of the NF constituents) is a perfect candidate to obtain composites, mainly due to its abundance (as for NF), but with the extra benefits of being a by-product in pulping and biorefinery industries and showing antioxidant properties, due to its aromatic nature. Cotana states that residual lignin from bioethanol production using Arundo donax as raw material is suitable to be used as filler in composites, as composition and thermal degradation profiles look favorable [ 56 ].…”

Section: Polymer Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Natural-Based Composites Sustainable?

et al. 2021

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This paper assesses the aspects related to sustainability of polymer composites, focusing on the two main components of a composite, the matrix and the reinforcement/filler. Most studies analyzed deals with the assessment of the composite performance, but not much attention has been paid to the life cycle assessment (LCA), biodegradation or recyclability of these materials, even in those papers containing the terms “sustainable” (or its derivate words), “green” or “eco”. Many papers claim about the sustainable or renewable character of natural fiber composites, although, again, analysis about recyclability, biodegradation or carbon footprint determination of these materials have not been studied in detail. More studies focusing on the assessment of these composites are needed in order to clarify their potential environmental benefits when compared to other types of composites, which include compounds not obtained from biological resources. LCA methodology has only been applied to some case studies, finding enhanced environmental behavior for natural fiber composites when compared to synthetic ones, also showing the potential benefits of using recycled carbon or glass fibers. Biodegradable composites are considered of lesser interest to recyclable ones, as they allow for a higher profitability of the resources. Finally, it is interesting to highlight the enormous potential of waste as raw material for composite production, both for the matrix and the filler/reinforcement; these have two main benefits: no resources are used for their growth (in the case of biological materials), and fewer residues need to be disposed.

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Lignin Reinforcement in Bioplastic Composites

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Fabrication and Characterization of Lignin Particles and Their Ultraviolet Protection Ability in PVA Composite Film

Fabrication and Characterization of Lignin Particles and Their Ultraviolet Protection Ability in PVA Composite Film

Lignocellulosic Materials for the Production of Biofuels, Biochemicals and Biomaterials and Applications of Lignocellulose-Based Polyurethanes: A Review

Are Natural-Based Composites Sustainable?

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