Lignites and subbituminous coals combustion in Polish power plants as a source of anthropogenic mercury emission

Burmistrz, Piotr; Kogut, Krzysztof; Marczak, Marta; Zwoździak, J.

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2016.06.011

Cited by 77 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It should be emphasized, that any amount of mercury emitted to the environment is a potential threat to life and health, which is caused by the natural biogeochemical cycle of mercury [2]. One of the main sources of mercury emission to the environment is that constituted by the coal utilization processes, in which mercury is commonly found [3][4][5]. This issue is particularly important for Poland, because the Polish energy production sector is based on brown and hard coal [6] and the forecasts show that this trend in energy production will continue in the coming years [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method selection for mercury removal from hard coal

Dziok

Strugała

2017

E3S Web Conf.

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Abstract.Mercury is commonly found in coal and the coal utilization processes constitute one of the main sources of mercury emission to the environment. This issue is particularly important for Poland, because the Polish energy production sector is based on brown and hard coal. The forecasts show that this trend in energy production will continue in the coming years. At the time of the emission limits introduction, methods of reducing the mercury emission will have to be implemented in Poland. Mercury emission can be reduced as a result of using coal with a relatively low mercury content. In the case of the absence of such coals, the methods of mercury removal from coal can be implemented. The currently used and developing methods include the coal cleaning process (both the coal washing and the dry deshaling) as well as the thermal pretreatment of coal (mild pyrolysis). The effectiveness of these methods various for different coals, which is caused by the diversity of coal origin, various characteristics of coal and, especially, by the various modes of mercury occurrence in coal. It should be mentioned that the coal cleaning process allows for the removal of mercury occurring in mineral matter, mainly in pyrite. The thermal pretreatment of coal allows for the removal of mercury occurring in organic matter as well as in the inorganic constituents characterized by a low temperature of mercury release. In this paper, the guidelines for the selection of mercury removal method from hard coal were presented. The guidelines were developed taking into consideration: the effectiveness of mercury removal from coal in the process of coal cleaning and thermal pretreatment, the synergy effect resulting from the combination of these processes, the direction of coal utilization as well as the influence of these processes on coal properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method selection for mercury removal from hard coal

Dziok

Strugała

2017

E3S Web Conf.

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“…In Poland, this is the dominant source with annual share of approximately 56% [1], which amounts to 5 700 kg of emitted mercury per year. In Polish power plants flue gases leaving boiler are treated in a following manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrous oxides are removed either by catalytic or by non-catalytic reduction [2]. Depending on mercury content in coal, its chemical composition, type of boiler, combustion conditions, and flue gases treatment installation, the mercury content in gases released to the atmosphere varies from 1 μg/Nm 3 to even 30 μg/Nm 3 [1,3]. Combination of high mercury content in coal, unfavorable elemental composition (low chlorine, bromine and iron content, high calcium content), requires, in addition to passive methods, usage of additional technologies reducing mercury emission (so called 'active methods') [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The method of determination of mercury adsorption from flue gases

et al. 2017

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Abstract. For several recent years Faculty of Energy and Fuels of the AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow conduct intensive studies on the occurrence of mercury contained in thermal and coking coals, as well as on the possible reduction of fossil-fuel mercury emissions. This research focuses, among others, on application of sorbents for removal of mercury from flue gases. In this paper we present the methodology for testing mercury adsorption using various types of sorbents, in laboratory conditions. Our model assumes burning a coal sample, with a specific mercury content, in a strictly determined time period and temperature conditions, oxygen or air flow rates, and the flow of flue gases through sorbent in a specific temperature. It was developed for particular projects concerning the possibilities of applying different sorbents to remove mercury from flue gases. Test stand itself is composed of a vertical pipe furnace inside which a quartz tube was mounted for sample burning purposes. At the furnace outlet, there is a heated glass vessel with a sorbent sample through which flue gases are passing. Furnace allows burning at a defined temperature. The exhaust gas flow path is heated to prevent condensation of the mercury vapor prior to contact with a sorbent. The sorbent container is positioned in the heating element, with controlled and stabilized temperature, which allows for testing mercury sorption in various temperatures. Determination of mercury content is determined before (coal and sorbent), as well as after the process (sorbent and ash). The mercury balance is calculated based on the Hg content determination results. This testing method allows to study sorbent efficiency, depending on sorption temperature, sorbent grain size, and flue-gas rates.

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“…In , roughly 1960 tone/year mercury outflowed to the air from various sections worldwide [23]. Coalburning had a share of 24%, which is a relatively high share [24]. Power plants are in charge of around 33% Mercury outflows, and this type of emission is caused by human beings [25], and Elemental mercury emission is about 20-50% of mercury emissions which originate from combustion of coal [26,27].…”

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confidence: 99%

Developing ANFIS-PSO Model to Predict Mercury Emissions in Combustion Flue Gases

Shamshirband¹,

Hadipoor²,

Baghban³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Accurate prediction of mercury content emitted from fossil-fueled power stations is of utmost importance for environmental pollution assessment and hazard mitigation. In this paper, mercury content in the output gas of power stations' boilers was predicted using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) method integrated with particle swarm optimization (PSO). The input parameters of the model include coal characteristics and the operational parameters of the boilers. The dataset has been collected from 82 power plants and employed to educate and examine the proposed model. To evaluate the performance of the proposed hybrid model of ANFIS-PSO model, the statistical meter of MARE% was implemented, which resulted in 0.003266 and 0.013272 for training and testing, respectively.Furthermore, relative errors between acquired data and predicted values were between -0.25% and 0.1%, which confirm the accuracy of the model to deal nonlinearity and representing the dependency of flue gas mercury content into the specifications of coal and the boiler type.

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Lignites and subbituminous coals combustion in Polish power plants as a source of anthropogenic mercury emission

Cited by 77 publications

References 22 publications

Method selection for mercury removal from hard coal

Method selection for mercury removal from hard coal

The method of determination of mercury adsorption from flue gases

Developing ANFIS-PSO Model to Predict Mercury Emissions in Combustion Flue Gases

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