Lignocellulosic Agricultural Waste Valorization to Obtain Valuable Products: An Overview

Abstract

The sustainable management of lignocellulosic agricultural waste has gained significant attention due to its potential for the production of valuable products. This paper provides an extensive overview of the valorization strategies employed to convert lignocellulosic agricultural waste into economically and environmentally valuable products. The manuscript examines the conversion routes employed for the production of valuable products from lignocellulosic agricultural waste. These include the production of biofuels, such as bioethanol and biodiesel, via biochemical and thermochemical processes. Additionally, the synthesis of platform chemicals, such as furfural, levulinic acid, and xylose, is explored, which serve as building blocks for the manufacturing of polymers, resins, and other high-value chemicals. Moreover, this overview highlights the potential of lignocellulosic agricultural waste in generating bio-based materials, including bio-based composites, bio-based plastics, and bio-based adsorbents. The utilization of lignocellulosic waste as feedstock for the production of enzymes, organic acids, and bioactive compounds is also discussed. The challenges and opportunities associated with lignocellulosic agricultural waste valorization are addressed, encompassing technological, economic, and environmental aspects. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the valorization potential of lignocellulosic agricultural waste, highlighting its significance in transitioning towards a sustainable and circular bioeconomy. The insights presented here aim to inspire further research and development in the field of lignocellulosic waste valorization, fostering innovative approaches and promoting the utilization of this abundant resource for the production of valuable products.

Gıda atıklarının bakteriyel selüloz üretiminde kullanımı

“…The practicability and applicability of the waste for several purposes can also be improved by some other biological (e.g.fungal pretreatment) and physicochemical (e.g. steam explosion pretreatment, extrusion pretreatment) methods, especially for lignocellulosic waste (Awogbemi and Kallon, 2022;Blasi et al, 2023).…”

Current circular economy aspect in valorization of agro-industrial waste as value-added products

“…Therefore, agricultural waste made up of lignocellulose material is the most cost-effective and readily available source that can be utilized for various highvalue products. Several studies have highlighted its potential in producing such products (Maki-Arvela, Salmi, Holmbom, Willfor & Murzin, 2011;Rosenfeld et al, 2020;Arya, Rookes, Cahill & Lenka, 2021;Blasi et al, 2023). In line with the biorefinery and circular economy concept, this report focuses on utilizing all significant lignocellulose components to create more opportunities for future developments.…”

“…The circular economy concept became popular around 2015 as a sustainable and holistic approach to address environmental problems and economic inefficiencies associated with the traditional linear economic model. The linear economy follows a linear sequence of resource extraction, product manufacturing, and subsequent disposal as waste (Blasi, Verardi, Lopresto, Siciliano & Sangiorgio, 2023). This model had a side effect related to its negative impact on the environment, the exploitation of resources, and the generation of significant amounts of waste.…”

“…The aim is to create a closed-loop system that reduces waste and promotes the efficient use of resources. In this model, waste is not seen as an endpoint but as a potential resource that can be reintegrated into the production process (Blasi et al, 2023). As a potential member of the EU and a UN member state, Serbia has been committed to the concept of a circular economy.…”

Nanocomposites and their application in antimicrobial packaging

“…Some bio-based materials have been developed with the claim to overcome the deficiencies of low heat tolerance that prevented the widespread use of biopolymers. An example is renewable polymers that use ferulic acid and other phenolic antioxidants available in lignocellulosic residues to create functional biodegradable plastic imitators, hydrolyzed in water and fully biodegradable with improved properties ( Bascón-Villegas et al, 2022 ; Blasi et al, 2023 ). In addition, the use of nanomaterials such as layered inorganic solids has attracted attention by the packaging industry, due to their low cost and substantial enhancements of mechanical and barrier properties ( Brandelli et al, 2017 ).…”