Lignocellulosic fractions from rice and coffee husks to improve functionality of biodegradable films based on starch and poly-lactic acid

Abstract

Gracias Mariajo, mi sensei, mi gran amiga. Siempre me has trasmitido fuerza, has estado pendiente de mí, dándome ánimo, haciéndome sentir que podía con todo. Eres una persona increíble. Te mereces todo.Gracias totales a Laura, Sergio y Agu; mi hermosa loca familia. Mi mejor ejemplo de trabajo, fuerza, lucha, energía, crecimiento, apoyo y amor de familia. Mamá y papá, les admiraré y agradeceré siempre lo valiente que fueron al hacer todo lo que hicieron por nosotros cuatro. A mi hermano, gracias porque solo tengo uno y no tengo que compartirte con nadie, desde siempre me has enseñado a "pensar alto". ¡¡Vamos!! Una vez leí: "Gracias a todos por todo, porque todo ha sido necesario para que se diera este momento".

Extraction and Characterization of Cellulose from Coffee Husk and Brewery’s Spent Grain Fibers Using Alkali-Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment Method

“…Te results obtained are consistent with the experimental results presented in previous studies. Te results of cellulose and other chemical compositions of the obtained CH and BSG fbers were close to those presented by Bigliardi et al [9][10][11][12][13] and Mishra et al [15][16][17]37], respectively. Te total ash content of raw BSG (3.96%) was approximately similar to the value obtained by Jackowski et al (3.8%) [38], and similarly, the total ash content obtained in the CH fbers (5%) was almost similar to the value obtained by Castillo et al (5.4%) [39].…”

“…Each sample was scanned with a scan rate of 0.03 °/sec and the data were recorded in the range of 2θ � 10 °to 70 °running on a Cu Kα radiation beam operated at 30 kv and 25 mA at 25 °C. Te regular arrangement of atoms and molecules produces sharp diffraction peaks, whereas amorphous areas result in broad regions [9]. In this study, the degree of crystallinity (χ c ) of the samples was considered as the crystallinity index (CI).…”

“…(a) substances, and others. Te alkali-hydrogen peroxide treatment of the fbers was used to remove such undesired components so that the crystallinity index would increase, in turn, the degree of crystallinity of the sample [9]. XRD results evidenced that these undesired components are removed during the alkali-hydrogen peroxide (5% NaOH-7% H 2 O 2 ) treatment method.…”

“…For example, it was used as a feedstock for bioethanol production [5], as a food supplement in "energy drinks" [6], and also as a reinforcement agent in recycled polypropylene [7] and polyhydroxybutyrate composites [8]. CH fbers of cofee Arabica consist of cellulose (30-35%), hemicellulose (18-21%), lignin (19-22%), and other components (25-28%), such as waxy, organic, and inorganic components [9][10][11][12][13]. Te BSG fber, on the other hand, is a by-product generated during the processing of beer in brewing technology that approximately covers 85% of the total waste generated [14].…”