Likelihood of obstructive sleep apnea in people living with HIV in Cameroon – preliminary findings

Njoh, Andreas Ateke; Mbong, Eta Ngole; Mbi, Valeri Oben; Mengnjo, Michel K.; Nfor, Leonard N.; Ngarka, Leonard; Chokote, Samuel Eric; Fonsah, Julius Y.; Kingué, Samuel; Ntone, Felicien Enyime; Njamnshi, Alfred Kongnyu

doi:10.1186/s41606-016-0003-2

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the current study a significant difference was not found between underlying diseases like diabetes, pulmonary, and cardiovascular diseases. In the study by Njoh et al .,[ 11 ] 43.6% of HIV-positive patients are classified in the high-risk group which is significantly higher than healthy individuals (14%). Furthermore, there are some other studies reporting a higher prevalence of sleep apnea among HIV-positive patients in comparison with healthy individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can also disrupt the patient's adherence to treatment, leading to disease progression, making it a challenge in the HIV control program. [ 7 11 12 13 ] Several studies show that due to secondary opportunistic infections among HIV-positive patients, the appetite is reduced, which additionally results in weight loss. [ 9 10 ] Therefore, considering the impact of potential risk factors such as body mass index (BMI), studies suggested that BMI may not be associated with OSA among PLHIV/AIDS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 9 10 ] Therefore, considering the impact of potential risk factors such as body mass index (BMI), studies suggested that BMI may not be associated with OSA among PLHIV/AIDS. Since only one study has been published regarding the association between BMI and OSA among PLHIV,[ 11 ] limited epidemiological information is available regarding this issue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association between body mass index and risk of obstructive sleep apnea among patients with HIV

Akbarpour

Asgari

Najafi

et al. 2021

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences

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Background: Although several studies show a positive association between body mass index (BMI) and a higher risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the general population, there are limited data on that in patients living with HIV (PLHIV). The objective of the current study is to determine the prevalence of high risk for OSA and the association between BMI and OSA in PLHIV. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 316 confirmed HIV cases aged ≥ 18 years who attended consulting centers in Tehran during 2019. For the diagnosis of OSA we used the Persian version of the modified Berlin questionnaire that includes ten questions broken down into three categories. A high risk for breathing problems was defined if the total score is ≥ 2. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between BMI and OSA risk groups. Results: Among PLHIV, 52.1% of men and 41.6% of women were considered as high risk for breathing problems during sleep at the time of the study. Patients with a higher risk for breathing problems had significantly higher BMI levels compared to those categorized as low-risk levels (25.2 vs. 24.3 kg/m 2 ). Each unit increase in the BMI increased the odds of being high risk for OSA by 6% in the multivariable model. (odds ratio [OR]: 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06: 1.01–1.13). Considering BMI categories, compared to the normal weight, being obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m 2 ) increased the high risk for OSA (OR [95% CI]: 2.54 [1.10–5.89]). Conclusion: We observed a significant association between general obesity and prevalence of OSA among PLHIV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association between body mass index and risk of obstructive sleep apnea among patients with HIV

Akbarpour

Asgari

Najafi

et al. 2021

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences

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“…In Cameroon, sleep studies are few [ 14 ], and to our knowledge, no study so far has been carried out to assess sleep in hypertensive participants. It was hence essential to conduct assessments of sleep patterns of hypertensive patients in Cameroon with the aid of clinician-friendly, readily-available, less costly and easy-to-use sleep questionnaires, in order to generate preliminary data on the likelihood (risk) of obstructive sleep patterns (and consequent daytime sleepiness) in patients with hypertension compared to normotensive participants from which further exploration, management and awareness-raising initiatives can be conducted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension in Cameroon associated with high likelihood of obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot study

Njamnshi¹,

Mengnjo²,

Mbong³

et al. 2017

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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BackgroundAlthough disordered sleep patterns predispose to hypertension (HTN), little is known on the effect of the latter on sleep patterns in sub-Saharan Africa. This study therefore sought to generate preliminary data on the likelihood (risk) of Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in hypertensive patients, with the aid of sleep questionnaires.MethodsThis case–control study, age-and-sex-matched HTN patients with normotensive participants, and compared sleep patterns in either group determined with the aid of the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).ResultsOverall, 50 HTN and 54 age- and sex-matched normotensive participants were enrolled. The prevalence of snoring was higher in participants with hypertension compared to normotensives (58.0% versus 44.0% respectively), though not significantly, (p = 0.167). However, the hypertensive cases (aged on average 54.78 ± 8.79 years and with mean duration since diagnosis of 4.46 ± 4.36 years) had a significantly higher likelihood of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) than the controls (aOR = 5.03; 95% CI, 1.90–13.33, p = 0.001) and but no significant resulting daytime sleepiness (p = 0.421). There was no clear trend observed between both the risk of OSA and daytime sleepiness and HTN severity. Although not significant, participants with controlled hypertension had lower rates of risk of OSA compared to those with uncontrolled HTN (50.0% versus 63.2%, p = 0.718).ConclusionsPreliminary findings of this study (the first of its kind in Cameroon) suggests that hypertension is positively associated with likelihood of OSA in Cameroon. Further studies are required to investigate this further and the role of sleep questionnaires in our setting, cheap and easy to use tools which can be used to identify early, patients with hypertension in need for further sleep investigations. This will contribute to improving their quality of life and adherence to anti-hypertension treatment.

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“…Therefore, it is important to understand that antiretroviral therapy patients living with HIV suffer from specific types of sleep disorders. Based on previous studies, we found that sleep disorders among HIV-infected persons do not appear to have been comprehensively explored, but these studies have focused only on insomnia [ 9 ] or sleep apnea [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Sleep Disorders between HIV-Infected Persons and Matched Controls with Sleep Problems: A Matched-Cohort Study Based on Laboratory and Survey Data

Chen

Strollo

et al. 2021

JCM

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Objectives: Sleep disturbances are prevalent problems among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons. The recognition of comorbid sleep disorders in patients with HIV is currently hampered by limited knowledge of sleep-related symptoms, sleep architecture, and types of sleep disorders in this population. We aimed to compare the differences in sleep-related symptoms and polysomnography-based sleep disorders between HIV-infected persons and controls. Methods: The study evaluated 170 men with a Pittsburgh sleep quality index scores greater than 5, including 44 HIV-infected men and 126 male controls who were frequency-matched by sex, age (±3.0 years) and BMI (±3.0 kg/m2). For all participants, an overnight sleep study using a Somte V1 monitor was conducted. Differences in sleep-related symptoms and sleep disorders between HIV-infected patients and controls were examined using t-tests or chi-square tests. Results: HIV-infected persons with sleep disturbances more often had psychological disturbances (72.7% vs. 40.5%, p < 0.001) and suspected rapid eye movement behavior disorder (25.0% vs. 4.8%, p < 0.01) than controls. Sleep-disordered breathing was less common in HIV-infected persons than in controls (56.8% vs. 87.3%, p < 0.001). The mean percentage of rapid eye movement sleep was higher among HIV-infected patients than among controls (20.6% vs. 16.6%, p < 0.001). Nocturia was more common in HIV-infected persons than in controls (40.9% vs. 22.2%, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Psychological disturbances and sleep-disordered breathing can be possible explanations of sleep disturbances in HIV-infected persons in whom sleep-disordered breathing is notable. Further studies are warranted to examine the underlying factors of rapid eye movement behavior disorder among HIV-infected persons with sleep disturbances.

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Likelihood of obstructive sleep apnea in people living with HIV in Cameroon – preliminary findings

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

The association between body mass index and risk of obstructive sleep apnea among patients with HIV

The association between body mass index and risk of obstructive sleep apnea among patients with HIV

Hypertension in Cameroon associated with high likelihood of obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot study

Differences in Sleep Disorders between HIV-Infected Persons and Matched Controls with Sleep Problems: A Matched-Cohort Study Based on Laboratory and Survey Data

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