Liking is not the opposite of disliking: The functional separability of positive and negative attitudes toward minority groups.

Pittinsky, Todd L.; Rosenthal, Seth A.; Montoya, R. Matthew

doi:10.1037/a0023806

Cited by 68 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Thus, the present paper extends this literature in important ways and provides multi-item measures of victim consciousness that can be used in future research. Additionally, this article adds to the growing body of research showing that it is important to assess different kinds of victim beliefs, and not just exclusive victim beliefs (e.g., Noor et al, 2012;Schori-Eyal et al, 2014) or inclusive victim consciousness; and that inclusive and exclusive victim consciousness are functionally independent and predict different outcomes (Vollhardt & Bilali, 2015; see also Pittinsky, Rosenthal, & Montoya, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Inclusive victim consciousness predicts minority group members’ support for refugees and immigrants

Vollhardt

Nair

Tropp

2016

J Applied Social Pyschol

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What motivates minority group members to support other minorities, rather than compete for resources? We tested whether inclusive victim consciousness -i.e., perceived similarities between the ingroup's and outgroups' collective victimizationpredicts support for other minority groups; and whether personal and family experiences of group-based victimization moderate these effects. Study 1 was conducted among members of historically oppressed groups in India. As hypothesized, inclusive victim consciousness predicted support for refugees. Personal experiences of group-based victimization moderated this effect. Conceptually replicating these findings, in Study 2 (among Vietnamese Americans, mostly second-generation immigrants) inclusive victim consciousness predicted less hostility toward other refugees and immigrants, and greater perceived responsibility to help victims of collective violence. This effect was moderated by family experiences of victimization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Inclusive victim consciousness predicts minority group members’ support for refugees and immigrants

Vollhardt

Nair

Tropp

2016

J Applied Social Pyschol

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“…Thus, asking people to choose unpreferred faces could be unnatural and the choice may not be registered in the same way as natural choices (i.e., choosing preferred faces) are. Moreover, some suggest that liking and disliking judgment are differently represented in memory, leading to qualitatively different effects on behavior [38], [39]. The idea that these judgments are functionally distinct constructs has been supported by biological evidences demonstrating that evaluating facial attractiveness and unattractiveness triggers different eye gaze patterns [25] and brain activities [26]–[28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

I Choose, Therefore I Like: Preference for Faces Induced by Arbitrary Choice

Nakamura

Kawabata

2013

PLoS ONE

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Behavioral choice alters one’s preference rather than simply reflecting it. This effect to fit preferences with past choice, is known as “choice-induced preference change.” After making a choice between two equally attractive options, one tends to rate the chosen option better than they initially did and/or the unchosen option worse. The present study examined how behavioral choice changes subsequent preference, using facial images for the choice options as well as blind choice techniques. Participants rated their facial preference for each face, and chose between two equally preferred faces and subsequently rated their facial preference. Results from four experiments demonstrated that randomly chosen faces were more preferred only after participants were required to choose “a preferred face,” (in Experiment 1) but not “an unpreferred face,” (in Experiment 2) or “a rounder face” (in Experiment 3). Further, preference change was still observed after participants were informed that choices were actually random (in Experiment 4). Our findings provide new and important implications characterizing the conditions under which random choice changes preference, and show that people are tempted to make a biased evaluation even after they know that they did not make the choice for themselves.

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“…The concept of "allophilia" has helped move the study of positive intergroup relations beyond manifestations of low prejudice toward active outgroup liking (see, e.g., Pittinsky & Montoya, 2009;Pittinsky, Rosenthal, & Montoya, 2011b). Allophilia denotes explicitly positive feelings toward an outgroup and is strongly associated with affirmative behaviors toward or on behalf of outgroup members (e.g., monetary contributions or socially risky interventions on behalf of the group; Pittinsky, Rosenthal, & Montoya, 2011a). In other research, allophilia was not only a strong predictor of heterosexual's ally behavior and activism on behalf of LGBT individuals, but heterosexuals who were higher on allophilia were more likely to engage in ally behaviors when they were also lower in prejudice (Fingerhut, 2011).…”

Section: Affirming Attitudes and Motivationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are allies who we think they are?: A comparative analysis

Ostrove

Brown

2018

J Applied Social Pyschol

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Although dominant group allies have been increasingly studied by social psychologists interested in positive intergroup relations and the promotion of social justice, most of the existing research focuses on self-identified allies or dominant group individuals who are engaging in social justice activities. Little comparative work has examined white allies who were specifically identified as such by people of color. Two studies assessed qualities associated with affirming attitudes (low prejudice, high internal motivation to respond without prejudice, allophilia, and awareness of privilege) and informed action (activism) expected to be distinctively characteristic of allies. Nominated white allies in Study 1 had lower prejudice and higher levels of internal motivation to respond without prejudice than nonnominated white participants; this was replicated in Study 2, which compared nominated "allies" and "friends." In Study 2, nominated white allies rated themselves as lower on prejudice than nominated white friends. They also scored higher on internal motivation to respond without prejudice, understanding of white privilege, and activism than nominated white friends. There were no differences on self-reported allophilia between the two groups. Allies were rated by the people of color who nominated them as higher on qualities of outgroup affirmation and informed action than were nominated friends. Limitations of and implications for these findings are discussed.

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Liking is not the opposite of disliking: The functional separability of positive and negative attitudes toward minority groups.

Cited by 68 publications

References 52 publications

Inclusive victim consciousness predicts minority group members’ support for refugees and immigrants

Inclusive victim consciousness predicts minority group members’ support for refugees and immigrants

I Choose, Therefore I Like: Preference for Faces Induced by Arbitrary Choice

Are allies who we think they are?: A comparative analysis

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