Lilac (Syringa oblata) genome provides insights into its evolution and molecular mechanism of petal color change

Ma, Bo; Wu, Jing; Shi, Tian-Le; Yang, Yunyun; Wang, Wenbo; Zheng, Yi; Su, Shuchai; Yao, Yuncong; Xue, Wenbo; Porth, Ilga; El‐Kassaby, Yousry A.; Leng, Pei; Hu, Zenghui; Mao, Jian‐Feng

doi:10.1038/s42003-022-03646-9

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 69 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The flowers of S. oblata had an elegant purple color and anthocyanins mainly contribute to its coloration, while delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside were the most abundant anthocyanins reported in S. oblata currently ( Zhang, 2011 ; Ma et al., 2022 ). In this study, by transcriptome sequencing and quantitative analysis of anthocyanins in the petals of different S. oblata individuals, F3H, F3’H, 4CL and PAL were screened as important candidates for the regulation of anthocyanin contents, of which PAL and 4CL acted as key rate-limiting enzymes in the phenylpropane biosynthesis pathway and functioned in flower or fruit color formation in many species, such as the different deletion mutation in the PAL gene affected the peel color of Mangifera indica ( Zhao et al., 2022 ), 4CL transcript levels affected metabolite flux of anthocyanin in Narcissus tazetta Flower ( Yang et al., 2021 ), while F3H has been reported to regulate the purple color of petals in Petunia ( Yu et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S. oblata flowers usually show varying degrees of purple color on different individuals ( Zhang, 2011 ). The delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside are the main anthocyanins currently reported for S. oblata petal coloration ( Zhang, 2011 ; Ma et al., 2022 ), and their syntheses are involved in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and anthocyanin biosynthesis pathways. The precursor of anthocyanin biosynthesis, Phenylalanine, forms anthocyanins after a series of catalysis by enzymes such as phenylalanine lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate–CoA ligase (4CL), etc., followed by the formation of glycosidic bonds under the action of glucosyltransferase and conversion to stable anthocyanins ( Holton and Cornish, 1995 ; Zhang et al., 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, naringenin 3-dioxygenase ( F3H ) mutant lines of Petunia obtained via Cas9-ribonucleoproteins delivery exhibit a paler purple ( Yu et al., 2021 ), flower-specific expression of the Phalaenopsis flavonoid 3′, 5′-hydoxylase ( F3’5’H ) modifies flower color pigmentation in Petunia and Lilium ( Qi et al., 2013 ) . Previous studies on the color of S. oblata flowers have elucidated some transcription factors associated with petal color changes during flower development ( Ma et al., 2022 ), however, the molecular mechanism underlying the formation of differences in floral color among S. oblata individuals is still lacking, which is of great significance for its molecular breeding of flower color.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Syringa oblata genome provides new insights into molecular mechanism of flower color differences among individuals and biosynthesis of its flower volatiles

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Syringa oblata is a high ornamental value tree owing to its elegant colors, unique aromas and wide adaptability, however, studies on the molecular mechanism underlying the formation of its ornamental traits are still lacking. Here, we presented a chromosome-scale genome assembly of S. oblata and the final genome size was 1.11 Gb with a contig N50 of 4.75 Mb, anchored on 23 chromosomes and was a better reference for S. oblata transcriptome assembly. Further by integrating transcriptomic and metabolic data, it was concluded that F3H, F3’H, 4CL and PAL, especially the F3’H, were important candidates involved in the formation of floral color differences among S. oblata individuals. Genome-wide identification and analysis revealed that the TPS-b subfamily was the most abundant subfamily of TPS family in S. oblata, which together with the CYP76 family genes determined the formation of the major floral volatiles of S. oblata. Overall, our results provide an important reference for mechanistic studies on the main ornamental traits and molecular breeding in S. oblata.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Syringa oblata genome provides new insights into molecular mechanism of flower color differences among individuals and biosynthesis of its flower volatiles

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…“Forever Summer” to change from yellow-green to bright blue-violet; anthocyanin accumulation also enhances the redness of petals in Begonia × hiemalis . Decreases in the anthocyanin content cause the flower color of Phalaenopsis orchids to change from dark purple to pink, which causes lilac petals to gradually change from red-purple to violet, and finally fade to nearly white. , Malus crabapple is a wild apple plant resource that is rich in flavonoids; its value as a model organism in research is much higher compared with that of cultivated apple plants. Anthocyanins are the main pigments in flavonoid substances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Flavonoid Metabolism during the Process of Petal Discoloration in Three Malus Crabapple Cultivars

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Malus crabapple has high ornamental and ecological value. Here, the flavonoids in the petals of three pink Malus crabapple cultivars, Malus ‘Strawberry Parfait’ (GD), M. ‘Pink Spire’ (FY), and M. ‘Hongyi’ (HY), at the bud stage (flower buds are swollen, and the pistils and stamens are about to appear; L), full bloom stage (the flowers are fully open, and the stigma and anthers have recently appeared; S), and end bloom stage (the stigma and anthers are dry; M) were identified, and their abundances were determined. First, Kodak Color Control Patches were used to describe the colors of petals, and a colorimeter was used to determine the phenotypic values of flower colors. Flavonoids were determined using ultraperformance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS). In all three crabapple cultivars, the red and yellow hues of the petals gradually disappeared, the color of the flowers changed from bright to dull, and the petals gradually faded. The extent of fading of the red hue of the petals was highest in GD, followed by FY and HY. A total of 302 metabolites were detected in the three cultivars. The content of total flavonoids in the three cultivars significantly differed, but there were no significant differences among species. The total flavonoid content of the three crabapple varieties was highest in HY, followed by FY and GD. The content of the anthocyanins delphinidin-3-O-sophoricoside-5-O-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)glucoside, pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside, peonidin-3-O-glucoside, and cyanidin-3-O-arabinoside decreased significantly, which resulted in the discoloration of GD petals from L to M. The flavonoids and flavonols in FY might interact with anthocyanins in metabolic pathways. The content of these five anthocyanins decreased slowly, which resulted in the weaker discoloration of FY and HY compared with GD. The content of the five anthocyanins in HY did not decrease significantly, but the content of chalcone increased significantly, which might facilitate the production of anthocyanin auxiliary pigments and result in less pronounced fading of the petals. Cyanidin-3-O-arabinoside and pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside were the key flavonoids of the three crabapple cultivars. The total content and changes in anthocyanins were the key factors affecting petal color development and fading. Nonanthocyanin polyphenols, such as flavonoids, flavonols, and chalcone, are auxiliary pigments that affect petal fading. Overall, the results of this study provide new insights into the mechanism underlying the fading of the color of Malus crabapple flowers, and these new insights could aid the breeding of cultivars with different flower colors.

show abstract

“…Vahl) [12,13], common olive (Olea europaea L.) [14], and early lilac (Syringa oblata Lindl.) [15,16]. For the genus Fraxinus, Kelly et al [7] published twenty-eight short-read de novo assemblies, representing twenty-two species-level taxa, including three F. pennsylvanica assemblies, one EAB-susceptible (pe-48), one partially EAB-resistant (pe-00248), and one originally misidenti ed as F. caroliniana.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High quality long-read genomes produced from single MinION flow cells clarify polyploid and demographic histories of critically endangered ash species (Fraxinus: Oleaceae)

Fleck¹,

Tomlin²,

Coelho³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With populations of threatened and endangered plants and animals declining worldwide, it is important that high quality genomic records of these species are preserved before they are lost forever. Here, we demonstrate that data from single Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) MinION flow cells can, even in the absence of highly accurate short DNA-read polishing, produce high quality de novoplant genome assemblies that are adequate for downstream analyses, such as synteny and ploidy evaluations, paleodemographic analyses, and phylogenomics. This study focuses on three North American ash tree species in the genus Fraxinus(Oleaceae) that were recently added to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List: Fraxinus americana (white ash), F. nigra (black ash), and F. pennsylvanica (green ash). These three species have become critically endangered primarily due to destructive herbivory by the invasive Emerald Ash Borer (EAB, Agrilus planipennis), a buprestid beetle pest recently introduced to North America from East Asia. Our draft genomes, which range from 776.3-851.9 megabases, have similar sequence accuracy as a recently published chromosome-level F. pennsylvanica assembly, with annotations that outperform that genome in terms of the number of complete Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCOs) identified. Our results support a whole genome triplication at the base of the Oleaceae as well as a subsequent whole genome duplication shared by Syringa, Osmanthus, Olea, and Fraxinus. Additionally, our results from ONT long reads alone suggest that our F. nigra accession is more inbred compared with the F. americana and F. pennsylvanica individuals sequenced. In summary, our powerful downstream analyses enabled by single MinION flow cell genome assemblies suggest that Oxford Nanopore technology can provide a relatively fast and inexpensive approach to sequence the 5,232 critically endangered plant species currently on the IUCN Red-List.

show abstract

Lilac (Syringa oblata) genome provides insights into its evolution and molecular mechanism of petal color change

Cited by 23 publications

References 69 publications

Syringa oblata genome provides new insights into molecular mechanism of flower color differences among individuals and biosynthesis of its flower volatiles

Syringa oblata genome provides new insights into molecular mechanism of flower color differences among individuals and biosynthesis of its flower volatiles

Analysis of Flavonoid Metabolism during the Process of Petal Discoloration in Three Malus Crabapple Cultivars

High quality long-read genomes produced from single MinION flow cells clarify polyploid and demographic histories of critically endangered ash species (Fraxinus: Oleaceae)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About