Limb and lower-body duplications induced by retinoic acid in mice.

Rutledge, Joe C.; Shourbaji, A.G.; Hughes, L.A.; Polifka, Janine E.; Cruz, Yolanda; Bishop, Jack B.; Generoso, W.M.

doi:10.1073/pnas.91.12.5436

Cited by 99 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Deformities can be generated in amphibians by several means, including changes in predation, endoparasite infestation and disease, ultraviolet (UV) radiation (direct or by chemical modification), mineral depletion (e.g., calcium and magnesium), and natural or man-made chemicals (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Certain retinoids are capable of producing many types of developmental abnormalities in a range of species with differences in response within species determined primarily by dose and by time of exposure (17)(18)(19)(20)(21). There is also ample evidence to support complex interaction among endocrine factors (22)(23)(24) In the predictive integration of ecologic and human health effects, the issues associated with surrogate/bioindicator/sentinel species become pivotal.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for Assessing the Implications of Malformed Frogs for Environmental Health

Burkhart¹,

Ankley²,

Bell³

et al. 2000

Environmental Health Perspectives

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for Assessing the Implications of Malformed Frogs for Environmental Health

Burkhart¹,

Ankley²,

Bell³

et al. 2000

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…However, extensive research has proved that RAs are among the most potent known animal teratogens (2). Exposure of embryos to exogenous RAs causes a spectrum of malformations, including defects of the neural tube and central nervous system; skeleton, palate, ear, and other craniofacial malformations; defects in the heart, thymus, and urogenital system; as well as missing or duplicate limbs and digits in offspring of humans, rodents, chickens, the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis), and fish (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). When frogs were exposed to RAs during metamorphosis, a suite of abnormalities, such as reductions and deletions of the hind limb, bony triangles, and eye deformities, could occur (11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanobacteria blooms produce teratogenic retinoic acids

Jiang

Wan

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Deformed amphibians have been observed in eutrophic habitats, and some clues point to the retinoic acids (RAs) or RA mimics. However, RAs are generally thought of as vertebrate-specific hormones, and there was no evidence that RAs exist in cyanobacteria or algae blooms. By analyzing RAs and their analogs 4-oxo-RAs in natural cyanobacteria blooms and cultures of cyanobacteria and algae, we showed that cyanobacteria blooms could produce RAs, which were powerful animal teratogens. Intracellular RAs and 4-oxo-RAs with concentrations between 0.4 and 4.2 × 10 2 ng/L were detected in all bloom materials, and extracellular concentrations measured in water from Taihu Lake, China, were as great as 2.0 × 10 ng/L, which might pose a risk to wildlife through chronic exposure. Further examination of 39 cyanobacteria and algae species revealed that 32 species could produce RAs and 4-oxo-RAs (1.6-1.4 × 10 3 ng/g dry weight), and the dominant cyanobacteria species in Taihu Lake, Microcystis flos-aquae and Microcystis aeruginosa, produced high amounts of RAs and 4-oxo-RAs with concentrations of 1.4 × 10 3 and 3.7 × 10 2 ng/g dry weight, respectively. Most genera of cyanobacteria that could produce RAs and 4-oxo-RAs, such as Microcystis, Anabaena, and Aphanizomenon, often occur dominantly in blooms. Production of RAs and 4-oxo-RAs by cyanobacteria was associated with species, origin location, and growth stage. These results represent a conclusive demonstration of endogenous production of RAs in freshwater cyanobacteria blooms. The observation of teratogenic RAs in cyanobacteria is evolutionarily and ecologically significant because RAs are vertebrate-specific hormones, and cyanobacteria form extensive and highly visible blooms in many aquatic ecosystems.eutrophication | phytoplankton | deformities | Asia

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“…In rats, the hatching blastocyst begins to adhere to the implantation chamber on the morning of gestation day 5.5 (Yasuda and Sato, 1980). In contrast, approximately 50% of blastocysts implant on gestation day 4.5 in the mouse (Rutledge et al, 1994). In the present study, the GD5 and GD6 groups, in which MMS was administered in the peri-implantation period, showed intrauterine growth retardation in term fetuses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Differential Susceptibility of Rat Embryos to Methyl Methanesulfonate During the Pregastrulation Period

et al. 2007

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-The effects of exposure of pregnant rats to methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), an alkylating agent, during the pregastrulation period on embryonic and placental development were investigated. SD rats were treated orally with a single dose of MMS (200 mg/kg) in the morning of gestation days 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 (GD0 to GD6 groups, respectively). The uterine contents including fetuses and placentas of the dams were examined on gestation day 20. The individual fetuses and placentas were weighed, and the fetuses were examined for external, visceral and skeletal anomalies. The progress of ossification was also evaluated. Both pre-and postimplantation embryonic mortalities were higher in the GD0 group than in the control group. The postimplantation loss was also increased for the GD3, GD4 and GD6 groups. Fetal malformations were rare in survivors of all the MMS-treated groups. Intrauterine growth retardation was apparent for fetuses in groups GD5 and GD6. In addition, placental weight was reduced in the GD6 group, but it was increased in the GD0 group. Effects of MMS on embryonic mortality or on fetal or placental growth were absent or minimal in the GD1 and GD2 groups. These results suggest that the susceptibility of rat embryos to MMS varies during the pregastrulation period.

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Limb and lower-body duplications induced by retinoic acid in mice.

Abstract: The

Cited by 99 publications

References 13 publications

Strategies for Assessing the Implications of Malformed Frogs for Environmental Health

Strategies for Assessing the Implications of Malformed Frogs for Environmental Health

Cyanobacteria blooms produce teratogenic retinoic acids

Differential Susceptibility of Rat Embryos to Methyl Methanesulfonate During the Pregastrulation Period

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