Osteosarcoma is the name of a heterogeneous group of malignant spindle cell tumors that have immature bone production as a common feature. Sarcomas in this family range from those that can be cured with surgery alone to those that are highly lethal, even when treated with the most potent drugs. Osteosarcoma comprises a family of lesions with a considerable variety of features and histologic grades. Therefore, care for patients with osteosarcoma often takes place in a multidisciplinary cancer center where resources and staff provide appropriate care for patients with this type of cancer. Given the incidence in the pediatric and young population, documentary research of scientific journals and bibliographic types was carried out, based on the histology of osteosarcoma to update the information regarding this type of cancer and mention the importance of knowing this bone damage that can affect populations. susceptible to this disease. This review summarizes the pathogenesis and molecular aspects, clinical presentation, imaging, typified stages, histology, microscopy, treatment, chemotherapy, surgery, prognosis, and surveillance of osteosarcoma.