Limestone calcined clay cement: mechanical properties, crystallography, and microstructure development

Sui, Hao; Hou, Pengkun; Liu, Yanming; Sagoe‐Crentsil, Kwesi; Souza, Felipe Basquiroto de; Duan, Wenhui

doi:10.1080/21650373.2022.2074911

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The formation of AFm was not detected in any of the samples at all curing ages. This confirms that the formation of hemicarboaluminate stabilized ettringite and hindered the formation of monosulfate [47].…”

Section: Microstructural and Microchemical Analyses Of Hardened Pastessupporting

confidence: 74%

“…The highest strength was predicted to have been above 10 MPa. The major phases, C3S, C2S, and C3A, underwent a faster reaction as compared to pozzolanic materials, which are known to start reacting after the second day [47]. This fact can be demonstrated on day 7, where it was observed that the influence of the clinker and CC became significant.…”

Section: Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…According to [51], the precipitation of hemicarboalumina a direct effect on pore refinement and strength development beyond 28 days of hy The formation of AFm was not detected in any of the samples at all curing ages. T firms that the formation of hemicarboaluminate stabilized ettringite and hindered mation of monosulfate [47].…”

Section: Xrd Analysis Of the Hardened Pastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Kunkur Fines for Utilization in the Production of Ternary Blended Cements

Mutai,

Marangu,

M’Thiruaine

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Ternary blended cements, such as limestone calcined clay cement (LC3), represent a type of strategic binder for the mitigation of environmental impacts associated with cement production. These are estimated to reduce CO2 emissions by about 40% compared to ordinary Portland cement (OPC). In this paper, we explore the possibility of producing such ternary blends by utilizing secondary raw materials that may be locally available. Specifically, the primary limestone that is commonly used in LC3 is herein substituted with quarry dust obtained by sourcing “kunkur”, a carbonate-rich sedimentary rock (also known as caliche) that can be locally utilized for the production of ordinary OPC clinker. To optimize the blending proportions of ternary cement consisting of OPC, calcined clay, and kunkur fines, a “design of experiment” (DoE) approach was implemented with the goal of exploring the possibility of reducing the amount of the OPC fraction to values lower than 50%. The properties of the formulated blends were assessed by a combination of techniques that comprise mechanical strength testing, XRD time-dependent quantitative phase analysis, and SEM–EDS microstructural and microchemical analyses. The results suggest that ternary blended cement based on kunkur fines forms hydration products, such as hemicarboaluminates, which are also observed in LC3. This shows that such waste materials can potentially be used in sustainable cement blends; however, the presence of kaolinite in the kunkur fines seems to affect their strength development when compared to both OPC and conventional LC3.

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Section: Microstructural and Microchemical Analyses Of Hardened Pastessupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Xrd Analysis Of the Hardened Pastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Kunkur Fines for Utilization in the Production of Ternary Blended Cements

Mutai,

Marangu,

M’Thiruaine

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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“…Moreover, industrial-pilot trials were successfully performed in Cuba and India [8,12]. These materials profit from the pozzolanic effect which is the reaction(s) of silica/alumina-rich precursor, metakaolin, with portlandite, Ca(OH)2, to yield calcium silicate (aluminate) hydrates, C-A-S-H gels, with very good cementing properties as the resulting binders have very dense microstructures [13]. The main drawback of the current proposals for sustainable LC 3 -50 cements is their slow hydration kinetics in the first week because the reaction rates of pozzolanic reactions are slower than those of neat PCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-age reactivity of calcined kaolinitic clays in LC³ cements: a multitechnique investigation including pair distribution function analysis

Bernal

Aranda

Santacruz

et al. 2022

Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials

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Limestone Calcined Clay Cements, LC 3 , allows CO2 emissions savings up to 40%. The resulting binders have competitive mechanical performances after a week. However, the reactivity of LC 3 at early ages is slow and should be improved. Here, we use a multi-technique approach to help in the understanding of early age reactivities which were measured by calorimetry, Frattini assay, and mechanical strengths. The disorder in the kaolinites was quantified by powder diffraction. Some footprints of the local disorder in the resulting metakaolin have been investigated by synchrotron pair distribution function (sPDF). It is concluded that Al-O interatomic correlation position and intensity in the sPDF of the calcined kaolinitic clays could be an additional good descriptor to follow early age reactivity. The results were complemented by 27 Al MAS-NMR studies. The rate of the pozzolanic reaction at early ages is governed by the particle size, surface area and local disorder of metakaolin.

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Porosity-Modulus Mapping enhanced nanomechanical analysis of heterogeneous materials

et al. 2023

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Limestone calcined clay cement: mechanical properties, crystallography, and microstructure development

Cited by 12 publications

References 57 publications

Evaluation of Kunkur Fines for Utilization in the Production of Ternary Blended Cements

Evaluation of Kunkur Fines for Utilization in the Production of Ternary Blended Cements

Early-age reactivity of calcined kaolinitic clays in LC³ cements: a multitechnique investigation including pair distribution function analysis

Porosity-Modulus Mapping enhanced nanomechanical analysis of heterogeneous materials

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Limestone calcined clay cement: mechanical properties, crystallography, and microstructure development

Cited by 12 publications

References 57 publications

Evaluation of Kunkur Fines for Utilization in the Production of Ternary Blended Cements

Evaluation of Kunkur Fines for Utilization in the Production of Ternary Blended Cements

Early-age reactivity of calcined kaolinitic clays in LC3 cements: a multitechnique investigation including pair distribution function analysis

Porosity-Modulus Mapping enhanced nanomechanical analysis of heterogeneous materials

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Product

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Early-age reactivity of calcined kaolinitic clays in LC³ cements: a multitechnique investigation including pair distribution function analysis