Limestone efficiency and boron effects on forage yield and soil properties

Haby, V. A.; Loeppert, Richard H.; Villavicencio, R.; Leonard, A. T.; Davis, J. V.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-0221-6_77

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Haby et al (17) reported that increasing the limestone fineness to 100% effective calcium carbonate equivalence (ECCE) doubled extractable Ca, increased Mg and P, and lowered the level of hot water-soluble B compared to 62% ECCE limestone applied to a Darco soil (loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Grossarenic Paleudult). Only a small percentage of the adsorbed B was retained by the soil against leaching with water at pH 5.8, but as soil pH was increased, the amount of B retained against leaching increased (17). From 1 to 3 kg B ha 21 are generally recommended for alfalfa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sustainable Alfalfa Production on Coastal Plain Soils of the United States

Haby

Leonard

2005

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is rarely grown on the Coastal Plain of southern United States. Production problems include infertile acid soils, inadequate pest control, and high humidity with frequent rainfall events that preclude adequate alfalfa hay drying conditions in spring. Research to overcome soil fertility problems included evaluation of nitrogen (N) rates over alfalfa row spacings and limestone and boron rates in split plot studies; phosphorus (P) rates using a randomized complete block design on eight soil series; and potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S) rates and zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and molybdenum (Mo) rates in central composite, rotatable design studies. Field-scale demonstrations were conducted to verify data from small plot research. Results indicate little need for N fertilization of alfalfa on Coastal Plain soils except possibly under cool or dry surface soil conditions. Increasing the between-row planting distance from 23 to 69 cm lowered alfalfa dry matter yield by 2.1 Mg ha 21 the seedling year. Alfalfa yielded 11 Mg ha 21 at all row spacings in the drought-affected third year. Dry matter yield was maximized at 49 -73 kg applied P ha 21 on soils testing below 19 mg P kg 21 by the NH 4 OAc-EDTA extraction method. The alfalfa stand was lost after one season on plots not fertilized with K. Applied Mg, S, Zn, Mo, and Cu had no significant effect on alfalfa yield. Dry matter increased .5 Mg ha 21 as pH was increased from 6.0 to 7.5. Boron applied at 3.4 kg ha 21 increased alfalfa yields 3.9 Mg ha 21 . With improved methods for site selection and adequate fertility, sustainable economic production of alfalfa is possible with rain-fed conditions on selected, limed Coastal Plain soils.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sustainable Alfalfa Production on Coastal Plain Soils of the United States

Haby

Leonard

2005

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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“…Limestone application significantly increased soil pH from 5.3 in 1985 to 6.1 in 2004 for all treatments (Silveira et al, 2006). A soil pH of 6.0 to 6.2 is considered adequate for cool‐season forage growth (Haby et al, 1995; Haby and Leonard, 2002). Clover is especially sensitive to low pH and may not perform satisfactorily in acidic soils (Blue and Carlisle, 1985).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Thirty‐Seven Years of Stocking on Soil Phosphorus Distribution in Bermudagrass Pastures

et al. 2013

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Pasture management aff ects soil properties, but information concerning the eff ects of long-term stocking and fertility regimens on soil P in pastures is limited. Th is study investigated changes in extractable soil P concentrations from Coastal and common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers.] pastures stocked for 37 yr at diff erent intensities on an Ultisol. From 1969 through 2004, pastures were continuously stocked during February to September to achieve high, medium, and low herbage mass. Annual fall-applied P averaged 44 kg ha -1 from 1969 to1984 and 51 kg ha -1 from 1998 to 2004. Extractable soil P concentrations in the 0-to 15-cm depth increased (P ≤ 0.0001) from 5 mg kg -1 (very low) in 1975 to 43 mg kg -1 in 2004 (high), and deeper depths showed 14 to 36% increased P levels. Elimination of P fertilizer for 13 yr, 1985 to 1997, decreased (P ≤ 0.0001) extractable soil P in the 0-to 15-cm depth by 30 and 47% in common and Coastal bermudagrass pastures, respectively. An interaction between year and stocking rate was evident as extractable P levels increased aft er 20 yr at high stocking rates. Aft er 37 yr, extractable P levels at the 0-to 120-cm soil depth followed the order high > medium ≥ low stocking rate. Despite the eff ect of stocking rate on soil P, 37 yr of continuous stocking showed no evidence of excessive P accumulation at levels that may pose an environmental threat. Phosphorus recycled through the soil-forage-animal system sustained adequate forage and animal productivity.

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“…In an acidic material, such as the pyrite-bearing rock piles at the Questa mine, paste pH is an approximate measurement of the acidity of a soil material that is produced by the oxidation of pyrite and other sulfides at the time of measurement. Six common variables that affect the measurement of paste pH and conductivity are 1) the dryness of the sample before testing, 2) the soil:water ratio used, 3) soluble salts content, 4) seasonally influenced carbon-dioxide content, 5) the size of the soil particles, and 6) electrode junction potential (Price et al, 1997;Haby et al, 1997). Many of these can be controlled by applying rigorous testing procedures and the same equipment for the measurements.…”

Section: Paste Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Goathill North Rock Pile, New Mexico

McLemore,

Ayakway,

Boakue

et al. 2009

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Nineteen trenches were constructed in the Goathill North (GHN) rock pile as it was regraded in [2004][2005]. The regrading of GHN provided a rare opportunity to examine, map, and sample the interior of this rock pile. The GHN rock pile is stratified and the strata can be correlated down slope through the rock pile. Rock fragment lithology is generally consistent within mapped units and correlates well with mineralogy and chemistry. Detailed geologic mapping and sampling revealed mappable geologic units in the rock pile, which were correlated between benches and to opposite sides of each trench, and units were correlated down slope through the excavated trenches. Units were defined on the basis of particle size, color, texture, stratigraphic position, lithology, and other physical properties that could be determined in the field. Eighteen geologic units were differentiated, described, and sampled. The units also could be distinguished within the adjacent drill holes.Weathering is the set of physical and chemical changes, up to and including disintegration of rock by physical, chemical, and/or biological processes occurring at or near the earth's surface (e.g. in the vadose zone at temperatures less than or equal to approximately 70°C) that result in reductions of grain size, changes in cohesion or cementation, and changes in mineralogical composition. In this operational definition, there is no clear distinction between weathering and diagenesis, although the coarse-grained and subaerial nature of the mined rock pile restricts the nature of "diagenetic" reactions compared to, for example, those that might occur in a submarine, saturated system. From this mapping and analyses of samples, four different zones of weathering can be distinguished at GHN:• outer oxidized zone (included the surface, unit C, and geologic units I and J)• intermediate zone (included unit N)• inner, less oxidized, unweathered zone (included units K-W)• basal oxidized zone (included geologic units R and rubble zone). The regrading of GHN provided a rare opportunity to examine, map, and sample the interior of this rock pile. The GHN rock pile is stratified and the strata can be correlated down slope through the rock pile. Rock fragment lithology is generally consistent within mapped units and correlates well with mineralogy and chemistry. The majority of geochemical activity appears to be confined to the interface regions of the rock pile, but not all of these regions exhibit weathering effects. The areas most affected by weathering processes are the 1) surfaceatmosphere, 2) bedrock-rock pile (rubble zone) areas, and 3) interfaces between fine-and coarsegrained layers in the interior zones where water and/or humid air flow and oxidize the rock pile material. Weathering generally decreased from the outer edge of the rock pile to its interior and then increased toward the base of the rock pile. Where water and oxygen are available, pyrite and calcite are being dissolved by weathering to form gypsum, jarosite and other soluble Fe salts. Oxygen an...

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Limestone efficiency and boron effects on forage yield and soil properties

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Sustainable Alfalfa Production on Coastal Plain Soils of the United States

Sustainable Alfalfa Production on Coastal Plain Soils of the United States

Impacts of Thirty‐Seven Years of Stocking on Soil Phosphorus Distribution in Bermudagrass Pastures

Characterization of Goathill North Rock Pile, New Mexico

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