Limitations in Simulation of Building Pounding in Earthquakes

Khatiwada, Sushil; Chouw, Nawawi

doi:10.1260/2041-4196.5.2.123

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In contrast, the modelling approach proposed herein bypasses the need to simulate the forces during impact which are frail and unpredictable . Instead, it distinguishes contact events into impacts (i.e., instantaneous contacts) and continuous contacts , of finite duration.…”

Section: Proposed Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonsmooth dynamics prediction of measured bridge response involving deck‐abutment pounding

Shi

Dimitrakopoulos

2017

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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Summary Earthquake‐induced deck‐abutment contact alters the boundary conditions at the deck level and might activate a different mechanical system than the one assumed during the design of the bridge. Occasionally this discrepancy between the assumed and the actual seismic behavior has detrimental consequences, for example, pier damage, deck unseating, or even collapse. Recently, an insightful shake‐table testing of a scaled deck‐abutment bridge model , showed unexpected in‐plane rotations even though the deck was straight. These contact‐induced rotations produced significant residual displacements and damage to the piers and the bents. The present paper utilizes that experimental data to examine the validity and the limitations of a proposed nonsmooth dynamic analysis framework. The results show that the proposed approach satisfactorily captures the planar rigid‐body dynamics of the deck which is characterized by deck‐abutment contact. The analysis brings forward the role of friction on the physical mechanism behind the rotation of the deck, and underlines the importance of considering the frictional contact forces during deck‐abutment interaction even for straight bridges, which typically are neglected. Finally, the paper investigates the sensitivity of the rotation with respect to macroscopic contact parameters (i.e., the coefficient of friction and the coefficient of restitution). Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Proposed Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonsmooth dynamics prediction of measured bridge response involving deck‐abutment pounding

Shi

Dimitrakopoulos

2017

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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“…These models are computationally more expensive and less robust, are not implemented in the major software codes, and no comprehensive studies providing criteria for selecting the values of the parameters have been reported. Also, the aforementioned inconsistency in the Kelvin-Voigt model does not affect its overall performance [22]. Therefore, the Kelvin-Voigt model is a valid and practical tool for global studies on seismic pounding between buildings with aligned slabs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to [14], the damping parameter is selected after a simple closed-form expression providing the damping in terms of a target value of the coefficient of restitution; this expression is derived by neglecting, during the impact duration, the influence of the colliding building structures and of the seismic excitation. This approach has proven basically satisfactory [13,16,22,23], but further improvement is still possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New formulation for estimating the damping parameter of the Kelvin-Voigt model for seismic pounding simulation

Almansa

Kharazian

2018

Engineering Structures

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Seismic pounding between adjoining buildings frequently causes serious damage; although collision can be avoided with proper separation, can still occur due to code non-fulfillment, loose requirements of old codes, and seismicity underestimation. Inside this context, this work deals with collision between two buildings with aligned slabs. The simulation of this phenomenon is not obvious, involving stress traveling waves, high-frequency behavior, and local effects. Complex distributed continuum mechanics-based models can be used, but are timeconsuming; conversely, the concentrated Kelvin-Voigt model can be utilized instead, being simple and inexpensive, yet accurate. Its behavior is characterized by damping and stiffness parameters; the damping influence is particularly important and a number of estimation criteria have been proposed. Among them, the Anagnostopoulos formulation is simple, and provides satisfactory results in most situations. That formulation consists in estimating the damping parameter after a given target value of the coefficient of restitution; the influence, during impact, of the colliding building structures and the seismic excitation is neglected. This paper proposes an alternative approach that releases one of the aforementioned assumptions: the influence of the building structures and their initial separation is taken into consideration. A simplified parametric study oriented to investigate the performance of the proposed strategy is performed; it is found that the accuracy of the Anagnostopoulos formulation is improved in a number of situations. Noticeably, this gain is obtained at a low computational cost. The proposed formulation is satisfactorily utilized to analyze pounding between two multistory multi-bay RC buildings and to simulate a shaking table pounding experiment.

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“…The F ‐δ relations in Table VI in the paper imply that Eqn was used to calculate ξ in all the models. The literature, for example , shows that each model has its own defined function for ξ and the models become non‐casual if the equation for F is calculated without using the correct expression for ξ . Thus, all viscoelastic models, except linear viscoelastic model 1 (model 2 in Table VI), will produce questionable results.

ξ = \frac{- ln ((), e)}{\sqrt{{normalπ}^{2} + ln {((), e)}^{2}}}

For models 3 and 6, the following damping ratios should be applied, respectively (see e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, all viscoelastic models, except linear viscoelastic model 1 (model 2 in Table VI), will produce questionable results.

ξ = \frac{- ln ((), e)}{\sqrt{{normalπ}^{2} + ln {((), e)}^{2}}}

For models 3 and 6, the following damping ratios should be applied, respectively (see e.g. )

ξ = \frac{1}{π} ((), \frac{1 - e^{2}}{e})

ξ = \frac{9 \sqrt{5}}{2} ((), \frac{1 - e^{2}}{e (e (9 π - 16) + 16)})

The numerical simulations have been carried out with a constant value of rigidity k c in linear units (N/m). The same values, 0.7 GN/m for no infill case and 7 MN/m for infill with rubber of hardness 50, have been used for all the models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discussion on ‘relaxation method for pounding action between adjacent buildings at expansion joint’ by H. Takabatake, M. Yasui, Y. Nakagawa and A. Kishida

Khatiwada

Chouw

Larkin

2014

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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SUMMARY The paper under discussion presents a detailed study on the reduction of pounding force on buildings due to expansion joints being filled with rubber. From shake table experiments and numerical simulations, the authors of the paper concluded that the rubber can reduce the maximum pounding force and hence the pounding damage to buildings. However, the writers of this short communication observed some significant issues in the experimental results as well as the numerical simulations. These observations are presented and raise questions about the validity of the results and the subsequent conclusions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Limitations in Simulation of Building Pounding in Earthquakes

Cited by 14 publications

References 47 publications

Nonsmooth dynamics prediction of measured bridge response involving deck‐abutment pounding

Nonsmooth dynamics prediction of measured bridge response involving deck‐abutment pounding

New formulation for estimating the damping parameter of the Kelvin-Voigt model for seismic pounding simulation

Discussion on ‘relaxation method for pounding action between adjacent buildings at expansion joint’ by H. Takabatake, M. Yasui, Y. Nakagawa and A. Kishida

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