Limited evidence for selection at the<i>FADS</i>locus in Native American populations

Mathieson, Iain

doi:10.1101/2019.12.11.873356

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…2012). Therefore, it is possible that the derived haplogroup rose to fixation in humans prior to the Out-of-Africa expansion followed by the ancestral haplogroup being reintroduced to non-Africans through admixture with archaic hominins in Eurasia, as previously suggested by Mathieson (2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Evolution of Hominin Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism: From Africa to the New World

Harris

Ruczinski

Yanek

et al. 2019

Genome Biology and Evolution

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The metabolic conversion of dietary omega-3 and omega-6 18 carbon (18C) to long chain (>20 carbon) polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) is vital for human life. The rate-limiting steps of this process are catalyzed by fatty acid desaturase ( FADS ) 1 and 2. Therefore, understanding the evolutionary history of the FADS genes is essential to our understanding of hominin evolution. The FADS genes have two haplogroups, ancestral and derived, with the derived haplogroup being associated with more efficient LC-PUFA biosynthesis than the ancestral haplogroup. In addition, there is a complex global distribution of these haplogroups that is suggestive of Neanderthal introgression. We confirm that Native American ancestry is nearly fixed for the ancestral haplogroup, and replicate a positive selection signal in Native Americans. This positive selection potentially continued after the founding of the Americas, although simulations suggest that the timing is dependent on the allele frequency of the ancestral Beringian population. We also find that the Neanderthal FADS haplotype is more closely related to the derived haplogroup and the Denisovan clusters closer to the ancestral haplogroup. Furthermore, the derived haplogroup has a time to the most recent common ancestor of 688,474 years before present. These results support an ancient polymorphism, as opposed to Neanderthal introgression, forming in the FADS region during the Pleistocene with possibly differential selection pressures on both haplogroups. The near fixation of the ancestral haplogroup in Native American ancestry calls for future studies to explore the potential health risk of associated low LC-PUFA levels in these populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Evolution of Hominin Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism: From Africa to the New World

Harris

Ruczinski

Yanek

et al. 2019

Genome Biology and Evolution

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“…Stable isotope analyses and zooarchaeology reveal a northern diet comparable to that of the Neanderthals (i.e. significant niche overlap) but also a dietary breadth expanded to smaller vertebrates [57,58], while their genetics reflect adaptation to a diet high in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) [59]. Palaeodemographic information for eastern Europe and arctic Siberia/Beringia suggest relatively large hunter-gatherer populations with little inbreeding [60,61].…”

Section: (B) Anatomically Modern Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ancient DNA analyses also reveal that the Yana River site occupants represent the west Eurasian lineage (designated Ancient North Siberians (ANS)) recently arrived in Northeast Asia. They carried a genetic adaptation to a northern diet (ancestral allele for expression of the FADS1 gene, advantageous for a diet rich in PUFAs) which presumably reflects a shift from a low-latitude diet containing a relatively high proportion of plant foods [59]. They apparently did not develop any genetic adaptations to vitamin D deficiency related to low UV radiation during the winter months [70,79].…”

Section: The Settlement Of Beringiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…R. Soc. B 290: 20222246 arctic and non-arctic First Peoples but also in related East Asian groups [59]. They also include a variant of EDAR V370A, which was under strong positive selection pressure during the LGM and appears to be an adaptation to vitamin D deficiency (due to low UV radiation) related to nursing infants [70,79].…”

Section: (B) During the Last Glacial Maximum (265-19 Ka)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beringia and the peopling of the Western Hemisphere

et al. 2023

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Did Beringian environments represent an ecological barrier to humans until less than 15 000 years ago or was access to the Americas controlled by the spatial–temporal distribution of North American ice sheets? Beringian environments varied with respect to climate and biota, especially in the two major areas of exposed continental shelf. The East Siberian Arctic Shelf (‘Great Arctic Plain’ (GAP)) supported a dry steppe-tundra biome inhabited by a diverse large-mammal community, while the southern Bering-Chukchi Platform (‘Bering Land Bridge’ (BLB)) supported mesic tundra and probably a lower large-mammal biomass. A human population with west Eurasian roots occupied the GAP before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and may have accessed mid-latitude North America via an interior ice-free corridor. Re-opening of the corridor less than 14 000 years ago indicates that the primary ancestors of living First Peoples, who already had spread widely in the Americas at this time, probably dispersed from the NW Pacific coast. A genetic ‘arctic signal’ in non-arctic First Peoples suggests that their parent population inhabited the GAP during the LGM, before their split from the former. We infer a shift from GAP terrestrial to a subarctic maritime economy on the southern BLB coast before dispersal in the Americas from the NW Pacific coast.

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Limited evidence for selection at theFADSlocus in Native American populations

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

Evolution of Hominin Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism: From Africa to the New World

Evolution of Hominin Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism: From Africa to the New World

Beringia and the peopling of the Western Hemisphere

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